To improve the effectiveness of biological control procedures, it is necessary to quantify survival rate a natural enemy through various stages life cycle, fecundity rate, and predation from birth death. It not only important obtain all parameters associated with table, but also in table framework. For this purpose, history, population parameters, Eupeodes corollae (Fabricius) (Diptera: Syrphid...

the identification of different species of simuliidae, also called “black fly”, is based on particular structure of oral and terminal appendages of their larvae add also on the special morphology of adults and pupaes. because of their considerable flight range, the problem of finding their resting places, and also the difficulties of collecting the adult flies, breeding of this insect, in the l...

This work proposes a methodology for the energy-and cost-efficient 3-D deployment of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based access point (AAP), that exchanges given amount independent data with set ground user equipment (UE). Considering fly-hover-communicate transmission scheme, most energy-efficient hovering points (HPs) AAP are determined by decoupling problem in horizontal and vertical dime...

background: laboratory bred sand flies are essential for the study of different biological phenomena including the transmis­sion dynamics of leishmania . the aim of the study was to determine the suitable situation for colonization and main­tenance of iranian strain of phlebotomus papatasi at laboratory conditions from an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmani­asis due to leishmania major . metho...

Abstract Host-parasitoid interactions are complex. A parasitoid can change its host’s behavior by direct infection or simply presence in the shared environment. In red imported fire ant (RIFA, Solenopsis invicta ), workers display defensive postures to avoid potential parasitism when decapitating flies ( Pseudacteon spp.) hover above them. addition changes of individual ants, RIFA colonies limi...

This paper presents a shared autonomy control scheme for a quadcopter that is suited for inspection of vertical infrastructure — tall man-made structures such as streetlights, electricity poles or the exterior surfaces of buildings. Current approaches to inspection of such structures is slow, expensive, and potentially hazardous. Low-cost aerial platforms with an ability to hover now have suffi...

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless power transfer (WPT) systems offer significant advantages in coverage and deployment flexibility, but suffer from endurance limitations due to the limited onboard energy. This article proposes improve energy efficiency of UAV-enabled WPT with multiple ground sensors by utilizing reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Specifically, total consumpt...

This work considers unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks for collecting data covertly from ground users. The full-duplex (FD) UAV intends to gather critical information a scheduled user (SU) through wireless communication and generate artificial noise (AN) with random transmit power in order ensure negligible probability of the SU’s transmission being detected by unscheduled users (USUs). To ...