In NAND flash memory devices, pages marked “invalid” can remain in blocks and occupy flash space. Therefore, it is necessary to physically eliminate invalid pages and collect valid pages from the victim blocks in order to sustain flash write performance and storage lifespan. Although there have been many research studies on efficient garbage collection techniques, research has focused on victim...

Heritable symbioses are widespread and ecologically important. Many host organisms have complex life cycles that include diverse opportunities for symbionts to affect their host and be lost during development. Yet, existing theory takes a simplified view of host demography. Here, we generalize symbiosis theory to understand how demographic "storage" in the form of dormant or prereproductive lif...

Abstract 2 Heritable symbioses are widespread and ecologically important. Many host organisms have complex life cycles that include diverse opportunities for symbionts to affect their host 4 and be lost during development. Yet, existing theory takes a simplified view of host demography. Here, we generalize symbiosis theory to understand how demographic “storage” in the 6 form of dormant or pre-...

BACKGROUND Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) is associated with adverse outcome, but the causative factor is unknown. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have pro-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that EVs released from both fresh and stored RBC products can induce a host inflammatory response in a dose-dependent manner. METHODS Whole blood was incubated with supernatant from RBC units st...

Supramolecular polymers constructed by orthogonal self-assembly based on host-guest and metal-ligand interactions are attracting increasing attention currently because of their interesting properties and potential applications. Host-guest interactions impart these polymers with good selectivity and convenient enviro-responsiveness, and metal-ligand interactions endow them with various coordinat...

As Solid-State Drives (SSDs) become commonplace in data-centers and storage arrays, there is a growing demand for predictable latency. Traditional SSDs, serving block I/Os, fail to meet this demand. They offer a high-level of abstraction at the cost of unpredictable performance and suboptimal resource utilization. We propose that SSD management trade-offs should be handled through Open-Channel ...

Self-securing storage prevents intruders from undetectably tampering with or permanently deleting stored data. To accomplish this, self-securing storage devices internally audit all requests and keep old versions of data for a window of time, regardless of the commands received from potentially compromised host operating systems. Within the window, system administrators have this valuable infor...

Modeling and simulation are flexible and effective tools to design and evaluate the performance of Storage Area Network (SAN). Fibre Channel (FC) is presently the dominant protocol used in SAN. In this paper, we present a new simulation SANSim, developed for modeling and analyzing FC storage network. SANSim includes four main modules: an I/O workload module, a host module, a storage network mod...