Elevated plasma homocysteine is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that homocysteine enhances monocyte/human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) interactions, a pivotal early event in atherogenesis, by upregulating endothelial adhesion molecules. After incubation of cultured HAECs with reduced DL-homocysteine for up to 24 hours, adhesion of human monocytes to homocystein...

Elevated plasma homocysteine (homocysteinemia) are presumed to be responsible for the development of coronary artery disease, however, the precise etiology is unclear. We examined the possibility that the adduct formed from the reaction between homocysteine thiolactone, a metabolic product of homocysteine, and apolipoprotein B-100 lysyl residues of low density lipoprotein (LDL) was immunogenic....

Tessari, Paolo, Edward Kiwanuka, Anna Coracina, Michela Zaramella, Monica Vettore, Anna Valerio, and Giacomo Garibotto. Insulin in methionine and homocysteine kinetics in healthy humans: plasma vs. intracellular models. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 288: E1270–E1276, 2005. First published January 11, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00383.2004.—Methionine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is reve...

background: it has been shown that serum total homocysteine (hc) is a risk factor for vascular disease which characterizes endothelial damage in the general and in the end-stage renal disease (esrd) population as well. whether n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease homocysteine (hcy) level has been a subject of controversy. methods: renal transplant patients were randomized in 2 groups and re...

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the relationship among homocysteine (Hcy), inflammation, and muscle strength.

Disulfide forms of homocysteine account for >98% of total homocysteine in plasma from healthy individuals. We recently reported that homocysteine reacts with albumin-Cys(34)-S-S-cysteine to form homocysteine-cysteine mixed disulfide and albumin-Cys(34) thiolate anion. The latter then reacts with homocystine or homocysteine-cysteine mixed disulfide to form albumin-bound homocysteine (Sengupta, S...

Homocysteine is a sulphur-containing amino acid, which structurally is closely related to the essential amino acids methionine and cysteine. The cellular methylation cycle performs the metabolism of methionine and since homocysteine is an intermediate within this cycle, the body in this way is provided with all organic homocysteine. The term homocysteine is used to define the combined pool of h...

lesions in these individuals and he further postulated that moderately elevated homocysteine due to heterozygous mutations in homocysteine related genes or poor vitamin status would also lead to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (4). By the early 1990’s, elevated homocysteine was being considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (along with cholesterol and other lipi...

BACKGROUND/AIM Homocysteine (2-amino-4-mercaptobutyric acid) is an amino acid that may be found in small quantities in all cells, and is quantitatively the major methionine metabolite. The most prevalent form is protein-bound homocysteine (about 80%), mostly to albumins. If catabolism of homocysteine is impaired either due to enzyme defect or deficiency of required intracellular cofactors, homo...