Chronicling a hadith means assigning its date, place, its originator and its historical development. Western scholars often pay attention to the historical aspect of a hadith and consider it as one of the elements of reconstructing the history of Islam: the history its events, jurisprudence, dogmas, religious institutions, the interpretation of the holy Quran, etc. The main objective of histori...

Review and continuation of the physical evidence can be pursued over a long period in Iranian architecture; however, the architecture of modernity occurred in  persistence of Iranian architecture. The past architecture and discontinuity can be the factors deemed to avoid identity. Facing tradition against contemporary ideas is now a challenge in many primeval countries. Lack of intimacy and com...

This research was an attempt to study reasons for creation of some of the important and sacred numbers and their reflection in architectural and urban spaces. This subject matter is important because significant and sacred numbers were used in design and construction of a number of historical spaces. The research objective was to discover some of the reasons for formation of important and sacre...