background and objectives: in the last few decades, losses of our cultural heritage due to biodeteriorationare beinghighly recognized. from museum objects to rock monuments, the microbial biodeterioration agents are found to be the most destructive. possibilities for proper preservative measure(s) are always more when it is only a monument, statue, museum article, or pre-historic art in any sma...

Fire played an important role in maintaining and creating conditions suitable for native flora and fauna in the forests of western North America. Recent coarse filter conservation strategies have advocated creating future landscapes that incorporate historic or natural ranges of variability, including fire regimes. Historic fire regimes were variable across the West, and created quite unique co...