Although the sequencing of the human genome has been completed, the number and identity of genes contained within it remains to be fully determined. We used LongSAGE to analyze 660,357 human transcripts from human brain mRNA and identified expression of 17,409 known genes and >15,000 different transcripts that were not annotated in genome databases. Analysis of a subset of these unannotated tra...

As a first step in determining the efficacy of using computers to assist in diagnosis of medical images, an investigation has been conducted which utilizes the patterns, or textures, in the images. To be of value, any computer scheme must be able to recognize and differentiate the various patterns. An obvious example of this in mammography is the recognition of tumorous tissue and non-malignant...

Seventeen pairs of identical twins concordant for Crohn's disease have been recorded (Table I). We describe a further set of affected twins unusual in that the disease developed simultaneously and at the same site in each patient at a time when they had been living in different environments for 6 years. As in a minority of previous reports (Crismer et al., 1963; Goldstein et al., 1976; Morichau...

Residual samples are an important source of tissue for biobanks. They refer to leftover tissue that is obtained in the course of clinical care. Residual samples can be included through an opt-in method--that is, a person explicitly expresses consent to include residual tissue--or an opt-out method--that is, the tissue is stored unless a person explicitly refuses. At the moment there is a renewe...

T lymphocytes constitute a highly dynamic tissue type. During the course of their lives, they travel through a variety of physiological environments and experience a multitude of interactions with extracellular matrix components and other cells. In order to do this, they must receive many environmental cues, and translate these signals into the appropriate biological actions. Particularly drama...

Rapid and direct imaging of microscopic tissue morphology and pathology can be achieved by multiphoton imaging of intrinsic tissue fluorophores and second harmonic signals. Engineering parameters for developing this technology for clinical applications include excitation levels and collection efficiencies required to obtain diagnostic quality images from different tissue types and whether these...

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For a virus population within its host, two important levels of structure can be considered: multiple cell types which can be infected, and tissue types or body compartments which may be coupled via movement. We develop a model with both types of structure. Migration between compartments can create "sources" and "sinks" within the virus population, where realized viral growth rate and abundance...

In functional magnetic resonance imaging statistical analysis there are problems with accounting for temporal autocorrelations when assessing change within voxels. Techniques to date have utilized temporal filtering strategies to either shape these autocorrelations or remove them. Shaping, or "coloring," attempts to negate the effects of not accurately knowing the intrinsic autocorrelations by ...

Results of analysis for platinum in 97 autopsy sets are presented. Analysis was performed by a specially developed emission spectrochemical method. Almost half of the individuals studied were found to have detectable platinum in one or more tissue samples. Platinum was found to be deposited in 13 of 21 tissue types investigated. Surprisingly high values were observed in subcutaneous fat, previo...