The decay of the K= 8− isomers in Ce and Nd have been investigated on the beam of the Warsaw Cyclotron using OSIRIS array. Reactions Sn(O,4n)Ce and Sn(Ne,4n)Nd were used. Two new decay paths have been found in the deexcitation of the 8− isomer in Ce. The hindrance factors for the E1, M2 and E3 transitions deexciting the isomer have been determined. Similar E3 decay of the 410 μs isomeric state ...

An approach for describing the hindrance of the nuclear 2νββ -decay amplitude is proposed. The approach is based on a new formula obtained by a model-independent transformation of the initial expression for the amplitude. This formula takes explicitly into account the hindrance of the decay-amplitude due to the presence of the collective Gamow-Teller state. Calculations are performed within the...

Disulfide crosslinking of proteins is typically performed by treating proteins bearing cysteine residues with small-molecule disulfide reagents. The process results in the formation of a mixed disulfide intermediate, which then reacts with the cysteine residue of another protein molecule to form the crosslinked product. This second step requires the intimate association of two large reactants. ...

Large substituents are commonly seen as entirely repulsive through steric hindrance. Such groups have additional attractive effects arising from weak London dispersion forces between the neutral atoms. Steric interactions are recognized to have a strong influence on isomerization processes, such as in azobenzene-based molecular switches. Textbooks indicate that steric hindrance destabilizes the...

Several attempts have been made at the removal of specific pathogens from the intestinal microflora using either bacteriophages or "predatory" bacteria such as Bdellovibrio spp. To date these attempts have had mixed success. A mechanism explaining these findings based on competitive hindrance by non-prey, or decoy species is put forward. It is shown that this hindrance tends to damp out predato...