This article examines whether recent college graduates have fared as well as their predecessors. We examine changes in both the wage and occupational distributions. Specifically, we explore the claim that college educated workers are increasingly likely to be in “non-college” occupations. The latter are defined using standard economic concepts rather than the subjective groupings of occupations...

BACKGROUND Large osseous defects of the posterosuperior aspect of the humeral head can engage the glenoid rim and cause recurrent instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair for glenohumeral dislocation. Filling of the humeral head defect with the posterior aspect of the capsule and the infraspinatus tendon (i.e., Hill-Sachs remplissage) has recently been proposed as an additional arthroscopi...

BACKGROUND Conservative treatment of posttraumatic anteroinferior shoulder instability leads to a high failure rate and consequently high recurrence in young and active population. Each recurrence can increase the structural damage of both bony structures and soft tissues (Hill-Sachs lesion, Bankart lesion). Remplissage technique combined with Bankart repair have been proposed as a treatment op...

Study population The study population comprised patients aged between 18 and 70 years with an acute anterior shoulder dislocation. The exclusion criteria were multiple trauma, an associated fracture (except a Hill-Sachs compression defect) of the glenoid or tuberosities, open growth plates, a history of allergic reactions to the medications used in the study, and the inability to be placed in t...

PURPOSE To determine whether arthroscopic remplissage with Bankart repair is an effective treatment strategy for patients with Bankart lesions and large Hill-Sachs defects. METHODS Between 2006 and 2008, 20 patients underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair with remplissage for the treatment of recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability and large Hill-Sachs defects. Preoperative imaging in all p...

PURPOSE To retrospectively evaluate the appearance of lesions of osseous and soft-tissue structures of the glenohumeral joint on magnetic resonance (MR) images after first-time traumatic posterior shoulder dislocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was institutional review board approved and HIPAA compliant, as appropriate, for the four institutions at which the involved patients were treat...

Posterior dislocation of the shoulder is rare, occurring in approximately 2% to 4% of all shoulder dislocations. Through a mechanism similar to that first characterized by Hill and Sachs, these dislocations have the potential to result in impaction fractures of the anterior aspect of the humeral head. These so-called reverse Hill-Sachs or McLaughlin lesions are estimated to occur in 86% of acut...

BACKGROUND Glenohumeral instability is a common problem following traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. Two major risk factors of recurrent instability are glenoid and Hill-Sachs bone loss. Higher failure rates of arthroscopic Bankart repairs are associated with larger degrees of bone loss; therefore it is important to accurately and reliably quantify glenohumeral bone loss pre-operatively. ...

BACKGROUND The optimal treatment of Hill-Sachs injuries is difficult to determine and is potentiated by the finding that a Hill-Sachs injury becomes more important in the setting of glenoid bone loss, making engagement of the humeral head on the glenoid inherently easier. The "glenoid track" concept was developed to biomechanically quantify the effects of a combined glenoid and humeral head bon...