The registration of all pharmaceuticals requires a comprehensive safety assessment of their potential to cause direct or indirect genotoxic damage. This article reviews current methods employed for regulatory genotoxicity testing and new techniques developed for early high-throughput screening. A novel in vitro mammalian assay is described which detects all common mechanistic classes of genotox...

The movement of pro-apoptotic factors of the Bcl2-family from the cytosol to the mitochondria and the consequent permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane to release cytochrome c and Smac from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol or AIF to the nucleus are now well characterized steps in programmed cell death (Figure 1). However, there are concurrent movements of oth...

A high-throughput memory-efficient decoder architecture for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes is proposed based on a novel turbo decoding algorithm. The architecture benefits from various optimizations performed at three levels of abstraction in system design—namely LDPC code design, decoding algorithm, and decoder architecture. First, the interconnect complexity problem of current decoder ...

High throughput screening has significantly contributed to advances in drug discovery. The great increase in the number of samples screened has been accompanied by increases in costs and in the data required for the investigated compounds. High throughput profiling addresses the issues of compound selectivity and specificity. It combines conventional screening with data mining technologies to g...

To test the hypotheses from genomics, synthetic biology, and bioinformatics, accurate and cost-effective gene and genome synthesis is necessary. Here, a microchip-based technology is proposed for integrating multiple functions required in gene synthesis. To date, there is no report of high-throughput gene synthesis with high-level of integration. This approach would be a significant step toward...

The polymerase chain reaction has facilitated the ready analysis of nucleic acids. A next challenge requires the development of means to unravel the complexity of heterogeneous tissues. This has presented the task of producing massively parallelized quantitative nucleic acid data from the cellular constituents of tissues. The production of aqueous droplets in a two phase flow is shown to be rea...

We present a cost-eeective framework for conducting large scale Monte Carlo (MC) studies which exploits the natural parallelism of the MC method to harness the power of large, dynamic collections of computing resources. We describe the beneets of the dynamic master-worker (MW) parallel programming paradigm and how task parallel and job parallel MW applications t into our framework. We discuss t...

A hyperspectral imager provides a 3-D data cube in which the spatial information (2-D) of the image is complemented by spectral information (1-D) about each spatial location. A static, high-throughput spectrometer design previously developed by our group can be used as the spectral engine in a high-throughput hyperspectral imager that avoids the Fourier undersampling issues present in previous ...