The effect of additions of antimony (0.05% Sb) to silicon steel on the improvement of the electrical properties of non-oriented steel sheet was investigated. Measurements of surface segregation of Sb were performed under UHV conditions in the temperature range from 450 to 900 OC, using AES and TDS. Maximum equilibrium surface segregation of antimony was determined at 700 OC. At higher temperatu...

In this work a pack cementation of germanium-doped aluminum and silicon coatings on low alloy steel type-T21 has been applied. This gives significant improvement in the oxidation. Steel-T21 was coated with germanium-doped aluminizing-siliconizing. Diffusion coating was carried out at 1050C for 6 h under an Ar atmosphere by simultaneous germanium-doped aluminizing-siliconzing process. Cyclic oxi...

A review is given of the analogous dependence on reciprocal square root of grain size or crack size of fracture strength measurements reported for steel and other potentially brittle materials. The two dependencies have much in common. For onset of cleavage in steel, attention is focused on relationship of the essentially athermal fracture stress compared with a quite different viscoplastic yie...

Silicon is an attractive alloy-type anode material for lithium ion batteries because of its highest known capacity (4200 mAh/g). However silicon's large volume change upon lithium insertion and extraction, which causes pulverization and capacity fading, has limited its applications. Designing nanoscale hierarchical structures is a novel approach to address the issues associated with the large v...

The goals of this work were to synthesize stoichiometric silicon carbon nitride (Si1.5C1.5N4) films using the RF-PECVD method and to characterize the deposited material. Gas mixtures, as opposed to an organic monomer, were chosen for reactants. Gas mixtures allow for varying the concentration of the elements needed for silicon carbon nitride synthesis and thereby optimizing the composition of t...

Towards the goal of providing a continuous process for the solid-state fabrication of carbon nanotube sheets and yarns from carbon nanotube forests, we report the growth of yarnspinnable and sheet-drawable carbon nanotube forests on highly flexible stainless steel sheets, instead of the conventionally used silicon wafers. Sheets and yarns were fabricated from the 16 cm maximum demonstrated fore...

  Three different materials (aluminum, ferro -silicon and silicon) were used as antioxidants in order to prevent the decarburization process and to keep and/or increase the final properties in MgO-C refractories. Their effects were compared by measuring the physical and mechanical properties as well as oxidation and the resultant phases and microstructures, in the temperature range of 200-1600 ...