Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are required for cellular functioning and are controlled by anti-oxidants. The ROS influence the follicles, oocytes, endometrium, and their environment. The luteinizing hormone surge initiates a massive recruitment of ROS that modulates major reproductive functions namely, oocyte maturation, ovarian steroidogenesis, corpus luteal function, and luteolysis. The anti-...

Hydroxychloroquine is used in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis or lupus erythematosus. Although these diseases are often accompanied by activation of neutrophils, there are still few data relating to the impact of hydroxychloroquine on these cells. We investigated the effect of orally administered hydroxychloroquine on neutrophil oxidative burst in rats with adjuvant arthritis. In human neut...

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the major source of lipid within atherosclerotic lesions. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is present in lesions and forms the reactive oxidants hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN). These oxidants modify LDL and have been strongly linked with the development of atherosclerosis. In this study, we examined the effect of HOCl, HOSCN and LDL pre-treated w...

Lipid oxidation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Lipids are oxidized in vivo by several different oxidants to give diverse products, in general lipid hydroperoxides as the major primary product. In the present study, the production of lipid hydroperoxides in the oxidation of mouse plasma induced by multiple oxidants was measured using diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP) ...

Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis attributed in part to immune suppression and deactivation of natural killer (NK) cells. Curcuminoids have a potential for improving the therapy of pancreatic cancer given promising results in cancer models and a clinical trial, but their oral absorption is limited. Our objective in this study is to show curcuminoid anti-oncogenic effects alone and together...

New and improved methods are needed to disinfect pathogens in treated wastewater, especially highly resistant ones like Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. In addition, new and improved methods are needed to detect pathogens and indicators for them in wastewater in order to monitor the efficacy of disinfection and other waste water treatment processes. Spores of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium ...

The mechanism(s) by which cells can sense exogenous oxidants that may contribute to intracellular oxidative/nitrosative stress is not clear. The objective of this study was to determine how cells might respond to exogenous oxidants to potentially initiate, propagate and/or maintain inflammation associated with many human diseases through NF-κB activation. First, we used HEK-Blue cells that are ...

A methionine sulfoxide reductase gene (msrA) from Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli has unique expression patterns and physiological function. msrA expression is growth dependent and is highly induced by exposure to oxidants and N-ethylmaleimide in an OxyR- and OhrR-independent manner. An msrA mutant showed increased sensitivity to oxidants but only during stationary phase.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic illnesses in the world. The disease encompasses emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and small airway obstruction and can be caused by environmental exposures, primarily cigarette smoking. Since only a small subset of smokers develop COPD, it is believed that host factors interact with the environment to increase the prope...

( a ) 20 mM-sterol was co-sonicated with 20 mM-DOPC (1 mol/mol) and 0.2 mM12-doxy1 stearic acid. Spectra were measured at 3 7 T , pH 7.2, in a Brucker ER 200D e.s.r. spectrometer. ( b ) The (Ca2 +-Mg2+)-ATPase was purified and reconstituted in DMPC according to the methods of East & Lee [9]. Activities were measured using a coupled enzyme assay, at 3 7 T , pH 7.2, 2 mM-ATP, 1 pM-Ca2+ as outline...