The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to critically determine the possible effects of different cooling applications, compared to non-cooling, passive post-exercise strategies, on recovery characteristics after various, exhaustive exercise protocols up to 96 hours (hrs). A total of n = 36 articles were processed in this study. To establish the research question, the PICO-model, according...

The language used by women and men differ in all speech communities. In order to examine some of these variations, the present study aimed to investigate the differences in an informal written discourse. For this purpose, a comparison between men’s and women’s informal language was made regarding length of utterances, questions, intensifiers, and hedges. Results revealed that men employed highe...

given the significance of relativism in molding our worldview and uncovering the nature of truth, this study using the newly-developed concept of emotioncy, attempted to introduce sensory relativism as a new perspective based on which senses can relativize our understanding of the world. to espouse the theory, 24 individuals were interviewed on their experiences of phlebotomy. the results were ...

IMPORTANCE Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the most prominent nonpharmacologic treatment for insomnia disorders. Although meta-analyses have examined primary insomnia, less is known about the comparative efficacy of CBT-I on comorbid insomnia. OBJECTIVE To examine the efficacy of CBT-I for insomnia comorbid with psychiatric and/or medical conditions for (1) remission from...

Scholars have observed hedges in academic writing, yet the examination of students’ reflective feedback is scarcely found. During Covid-19 pandemic, both teachers and students face difficulty engaging themselves online classes. To figure out how show their attitude, among others, through feedback. One language features pivotal ‘hedge’, a pragmatic feature representing speaker’s tentativeness po...