Carbon monoxide (CO) can be metabolized by a number of microorganisms along with water to produce hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide. National Renewable Energy Laboratory researchers have isolated a number of bacteria that perform this so-called water-gas shift reaction at ambient temperatures. We performed experiments to measure the rate of CO conversion and H2 production in a trickle-bed reacto...

One of the technologies for Pre-Combustion Decarbonisation is the production of hydrogen rich fuel gas from fossil fuel feed stock by means of a water gas shift membrane reactor system. A study to develop and test hydrogen selective membranes for use in a water gas shift membrane reactor operating with sour synthesis gas has been sponsored by the CO2 Capture Project. The aim of the project was ...

The product of the biological sulphate reduction is sulphide. High concentrations of molecular H2S (g) can be inhibitory for microbial activity, especially at a reactor pH of 6 to 7. This paper focuses on the effect of high sulphide concentrations on the sulphate reduction rates. The results of three investigations operating a continuous reactor, a column reactor and batchtest reactors have sho...

Nitrate contamination is one of the major problems in groundwater, which is increasingly becoming a threat to groundwater supplies. Nitrogen in groundwater also results from human excreta, ground garbage and industrial effluents, particularly from food processing plants. In order to remove nitrate from a water source, such as ground water the biological denitrification technology can be applied...

The paper investigates parallel channel instabilities of natural circulation boiling water reactor. A thermal-hydraulic model is developed to simulate two-phase flow behavior in the natural circulation boiling water reactor (NCBWR) with the incorporation of ex-core components and recirculation loop such as steam separator, down-comer, lower-horizontal section and upper-horizontal section and th...

The efficiency of nanostructured photocatalysts continues to improve at an impressive pace and is closing in on those needed for commercial applications; however, present-day reactor strategies used to deploy these nanostructures fail to achieve the sufficient areas (>1 m(2)) needed for solar application. Here we report the Self-assembled Nanoparticle-stabilized Photocatalytic Reactor (SNPR), a...

abstract in order to investigate the removal of copper, nickel, zinc and chromium from industrial waste water by a sand–soil–organic matter filter column, this experiment was conducted at a completely randomized design with sixteen treatments and four replications. p.v.c tubes (columns) with 66.5 cm height and 10 cm diameter were chosen and filled from down to top by coarse gravel (15 cm), sand...

The consumption of petroleum products has been significantly increasing year by year. Petroleum offers a tremendous convenience for our life, and our daily life would be quite different without it. However, the depletion of petroleum is creeping under our foot. Lignocellulosic biomass has unlimited potential because it is possible to substitute for petroleum as energy and chemical sources. Rece...