recombinant human interferon alpha 2a (rhifn α -2a) production and cell growth were monitored in a set of genetically modified e. coli strains (msd1519, msd1520, msd 1521, msd 1522, msd 1523) producing rhifn α -2a. the growth was followed at od 600 nm, changes in cell physiology were detected by pyrolysis mass spectrometry (pyms) of cell biomass and recombinant protein production was determined...

the recent literatures indicate that central nervous system (cns) is highly vulnerable to systemic hyperthermia induced by whole body heating on conscious animals. in the present study, cerebral electrical activity or eeg (electroencephalogram) following exposure to high environmental heat has been studied in moving rats. rats were divided into three group (i) acute heat stress-subjected to a s...

if an air flow is injected into a liquid fluid, many ambulant air bubbles are formed inside the fluid. air bubbles move inside the liquid fluid because of the buoyancy force, and the mobility of these air bubbles makes sizable commixture and turbulence inside the fluid. this mechanism was employed to enhance the heat transfer rate of a horizontal double pipe heat exchanger in this paper. howeve...

the mechanical aspect of entropy-exergy relationship, together with the thermal aspect usually consid-ered, leads to an extended formulation of physical exergy based on both maximum useful work and maximum useful heat that are the outcome of available energy of a thermodynamic system. this approach suggests that a mechanical entropy can be studied, in addition to the already used thermal entrop...

this paper presents a comprehensive theoretical, experimental, and economic study on the application of nanofluids as heat transfer fluid in waste heat recovery systems. the research work was conducted in a steel-making complex in which a plate heat exchanger had been used to recover heat from hot process water. the system was theoretically modelled and the effects of using nanofluids as heat t...

It is expected that residential units may replace   traditional heat and power production systems with cogeneration ones. Among the different cogeneration systems, fuel cell based systems are a suitable choice due to their high efficiency, high power density, low emission and low noise. In this paper, a cogeneration system based on solid oxide fuel cells is examined. The system, including the f...

This paper deals with the possibilities for the reduction of thermal environmental pollution and increases in the efficiency of the condensate system of a turbine by installing an inverter heat pump system. The inverter heat pump system will use the heat energy of the turbine exhaust steam that would otherwise be rejected. The operation of a condenser cooling system in a heating plant will be p...

This paper presents a comprehensive and exclusive thermodynamic analysis of counter flow heat exchanger under various operating and geometrical conditions. Analysis system (ANSYS) workbench 14.0 has been used for computational analysis and comparison with previous literature has been carried out in view of variable temperature and mass flow rate of hot and cold fluids. An analytical and statist...

The presence of particles in liquid-solid fluidized beds enhances the bed heat transfer, because the movement of the particles leads to an increased turbulence in the system. Moreover, the violent movement of the particles has a positive effect on fouling of the heat transfer surface. The aim of this investigation was to perform systematic measurements of bed voidage and heat transfer coeff...

Industrial demands for more compact heat exchangers are a motivation to find new technology features. Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) is introduced as a promising phenomenon for heat transfer enhancement mechanisms. Similar to any new technology, EHD has not been understood completely yet and requires more fundamental studies. In boiling phase change phenomena, nucleation is the dominant mechanism i...