During the course of an investigation of cotton for use as air filters on the needles of bleeding units, a heat-resistant, spore-forming organism was isolated. Because of its unusual degree of heat resistance, the organism appeared to be more suitable as a control of the efficiency of sterilization than species of Clostridium usually employed for this purpose. Experiments were undertaken to det...

The heat resistance of dry bacterial spores was tested in various gases at temperatures ranging from 121.1 to 160 C (250 to 320 F). Spores of Clostridium sporogenes (PA 3679) were heated in air, carbon dioxide, and helium; spores of Bacillus subtilis 5230 were heated in these gases and also in oxygen and in nitrogen. The surrounding gas influenced the heat resistance, but the differences among ...

Previous studies have shown that certain Chemotherapeutic drugs are less effective on tumor cells when cells have been previously exposed to hyperthermia. In the present study, we have evaluated whether specific modifications in heat shock protein (hsp) expression are associated with resistance to anticancer drugs. RNA levels for hsp90, hsp70, and hsp27 were studied by Northern and slot blots, ...

Several heat transfer problems related to singlewalled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are considered through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations of thermal conductivity along a nanotube, isotope effect in longitudinal thermal conductivity, and thermal boundary resistance in a junction of nanotubes are reviewed. Then, the heat transfer from an SWNT to various surrounding materials is s...