Of the four heart valves, three are tricuspid (aortic, pulmonic, and tricuspid) and one is bicuspid (mitral). Failure of normal function of these valves is due to lesions that make them incompetent and allow backward flow (regurgitation) or to lesions that decrease orifice size and cause restriction of flow (stenosis). In addition, combinations of these lesions may occur within the same valve, ...

The project describes a system for detecting cardiac murmurs so people are aware about their heart condition. The murmurs are the pathologic heart sounds that are produced because of turbulent blood flow that is enough to cause audible noise. Murmurs can be detected by a stethoscope but the accuracy level is not satisfactory. Different methods have been developed for detection and all are effic...

The difficulties of recording the faint murmurs of early rheumatic valvulitis are well known, and for this reason it was considered advisable to develop a cathode-ray phonocardiograph. This is theoretically the ideal recording device owing to its minimal inertia and high sensitivity. This phonocardiograph is intended to provide objective confirmation of clinical findings on auscultation, record...

INTRODUCTION The most common clinical sign in pediatric cardiology is a heart murmur (organic and inorganic). Organic are sign of heart disease, while inorganic (basically divided into accidental and functional) murmurs occur on anatomically healthy heart. AIM To determine the justification of the application of the methods of cardiac treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Study included 116 child...

BACKGROUND Differentiating innocent cardiac murmurs from murmurs caused by congenital cardiac anomalies can be challenging with auscultation alone in asymptomatic puppies. HYPOTHESIS Plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations and phonocardiograms recorded by an electronic stethoscope can differentiate innocent from pathologic cardiac murmurs. ANIMALS A total...