Abstract Philosophers of science have argued that epistemic diversity is an asset for the production scientific knowledge, guarding against effects biases, among other advantages. The growing privatization research, on contrary, has raised important concerns philosophers science, especially with respect to sources biases in research it seems promote. Recently, Holman and Bruner (2017) shown, us...

the aim of this review is to focus the current knowledge about mental and behavioral disorders in usher syndrome. previous studies described the presence of various mental disorders associated with usher syndrome, suggesting possible mechanisms of association between these disorders. the most common manifestations are schizophrenia-like disorder and psychotic symptoms. mood and behavioral disor...

The current work explored law enforcement officers’ racial bias in decisions to shoot criminal suspects as well as their self-reported beliefs about Black versus White suspects. In addition, this work examined what factors contribute to officers’ racial biases and the likelihood of having these biases eliminated. Examination of the officers’ explicit attitudes toward Black people and their beli...

Should public assets such as infrastructure, education, and the environment earn the same return as private investments? We consider if time-inconsistent decisionmakers can gain from institutions that enforce cost-benefit rules on large projects that influence the economy as a whole. Long-term public investments provide commitment to current preferences, leading to investment biases in such ass...

The effects oj clinician theoretical orientation and patient explanatory bias (implicit orientation) were assessed in a 3 X 3 factorial design. Behavioral, cognitive, and ps\chodynamic clinical trainees viewed a videotaped intake interview with a female actress who explained her fear of going on elevators according to one of three explanatory biases: learned reactions, faulty thoughts, or under...

Two experiments examined young children's use of behavioral frequency information to make behavioral predictions and global personality attributions. In Experiment 1, participants heard about an actor who behaved positively or negatively toward 1 or several recipients. Generally, children did not differentiate their judgments of the actor on the basis of the amount of information provided. In E...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a high-intensity model (HIM) and a low-intensity model (LIM) of behaviour change communication interventions in Bihar and Jharkhand states of India designed to improve women's knowledge and usage of safe abortion services, as well as the dose effect of intervention exposure. METHODS We conducted two cross-sectional household surveys ...

background and purpose: epilepsy is a disease frequently seen among school children. teachers may be distressed by children having seizures as they do not receive specific training about this condition during their education. moreover, teachers can feel overwhelmed if they do not know how to handle the situation. after cerebral apoplexy, epilepsy is the second most common central nervous system...

The purposes of this paper are: (1) to provide background on the heuristics and biases approach to decision making; (2) to describe some of the issues being debated in psychology concerning this approach; (3) to review relevant studies from the behavioral auditing research literature; (4) to provide comments on the trends in the auditing literature; (5) to offer comments about the advantages an...