This paper presents a method of learning reconfigurable hierarchical And-Or models to integrate context and occlusion for car detection. The And-Or model represents the regularities of car-to-car context and occlusion patterns at three levels: (i) layouts of spatially-coupled N cars, (ii) single cars with different viewpoint-occlusion configurations, and (iii) a small number of parts. The learn...

After more than two decades of agrarian change in Tajikistan, farming structures seem to crystallise. The first signs towards farm individualisation were observed only around 2000, which were the result of significant pressure from outside, when the post-conflict state was highly susceptible to pressure from multilateral institutions. Over time, striking differences in agrarian structures have ...

This study examines whether characteristics of a car voice can influence driver behavior and attitudes, and furthermore, if the driver’s emotional state will influence the perception of the car voice. Participants in a 2 (driver emotion: happy or upset) x 2 (car voice emotion: energetic or subdued) experimental study, had emotion induced by video clips and then spent 20 minutes using a driving ...

This research effort aims to compare car-following models when the models are calibrated to individual drivers with the naturalistic data. The models used are the GHR, Gipps, Intelligent Driver, Velocity Difference, Wiedemann, and the Fritzsche model. This research effort also analyzes the Wiedemann car-following model using car-following periods that occur at different speeds. The Wiedemann ca...

Road traffic casualties ( RTC) present a major health problem in Iran with a significant number of death and injuries among drivers, passengers and pedestrians of all ages. The purpose of this study was to achieve an understanding and knowledge about the pattern of the accident,s casualties in the city of Kerman. During one year period ( 1994-1995) all in- patient and out- patient cases referre...

In this paper we consider a microscopic model of traffic flow called the adaptive time gap carfollowing model. This is a system of ODEs which describes the interactions between cars moving on a single line. The time gap is the time that a car needs to reach the position of the car in front of it (if the car in front of it would not move and if the moving car would not change its velocity). In t...

We develop a model to determine the optimal structure and size of a rail car fleet at a chemical company under uncertainty in demand and travel times as well as substitution between rail car types. First, we formulate an MILP model that accounts for the substitution relations between the types and minimizes the total direct rail car cost under given rail car availability constraints and a prede...

This paper presents coordinated compensation schemes between active and semi-active actuators in suspension control system. Generally systems, have been adopted to generate a force calculated by controller. However, actual vehicles physical constraints such as maximum force, bandwidth force-velocity limitation. On the other hand, actuator can be good alternative one view of despite it cannot an...