Avian influenza (AI) H9N2 is a low pathogenic virus subtype belonging to Orthomyxoviridae family. Given the prevalence of this subtype as an infectious agent in poultry industry, special attention has been always directed toward the development of vaccine production against this infection. The vaccine of this infection is produced by killing the virus and using a mixture of inactivated antigen ...

As part of our ongoing influenza surveillance program in South China, 19 field strains of H9N2 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIVs) were isolated from dead or diseased chicken flocks in Guangdong province, South China, between 2012 and 2013. Hemagglutinin (HA) genes of these strains were sequenced and analyzed and phylogenic analysis showed that 12 of the 19 isolates belonged to the lineage h...

Title of Document: MOLECULAR MARKERS OF INTERSPECIES TRANSMISSION OF H2N2 AND H9N2 INFLUENZA A VIRUSES Erin Maureen Sorrell, Ph.D., 2008 Directed By: Associate Professor, Daniel R. Perez, Department of Veterinary Medicine Most avian influenza viruses do not replicate or transmit efficiently in mammals. The events that lead to interspecies transmission and host adaptation are unknown. Part one o...

background: h9n2 avian influenza viruses (aiv) a have become panzootic in eurasia over the last decade and have caused several human infections in iran since 1998 and inactivated vaccine has been used in chickens to control the disease. objectives: the purpose of this study was to analyze h9n2 viruses that have infected broiler in tehran province, iran between 1998 and 2008 based on matrix gene...

Current commercial H9 avian influenza vaccines cannot provide satisfactory protective immunity against antigenic variant influenza viruses in ducks. Poly I:C, when used as an adjuvant, improves humoral and cellular immunity in many animals but has not been tested in ducks. In this study, we investigated the protective efficacy of Poly I:C as an adjuvant for an inactivated H9N2 Avian influenza v...

BACKGROUND Flock surveillance systems for avian influenza (AI) virus play a critical role in countries where vaccination is not practiced so as to establish the epidemiological characteristics of AI needed for the development of prevention and control strategies in such countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS As part of routine AI monitoring in southwest Nigeria, a competitive ELISA was used for det...

Rapid spreading of the low pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV) caused by the H9N2 subtype and the highly pathogenic AIV caused by H5N1 have caused serious economic losses in the poultry industries of Asia. Therefore, the early detection of AIVs is crucial for the control of the disease. In the present study, the applicability of a rapid immunochromatographic (RIC) assay, which specifically d...