Empirical research has given cause to fear that the demographic ageing in industrialized countries is likely to exert a negative impact on educational spending. These papers have linked the share of the elderly with the per capita or per pupil spending on education at the local, state-wide or national level, trying to control for other exogenous effects. Although this line of research shows in ...

Yemen is off track to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of universal primary education by 2015. Its net enrolment ratio in primary education is far from being satisfactory, especially for females. The empirical analysis of this paper suggests that there is ample scope for Government intervention, though, so as to enable the attainment of education goals, including for higher educational c...

Australian Taxation Office (ATO) and his colleagues for supplying us with the microdata used in this analysis. Andrew Norton, John Quiggin, Maria Racionero, Chris Ryan, Susanne Schmidt, seminar participants at the ATO, Macquarie University and the University of Queensland, two anonymous referees and editor Paul Miller provided valuable comments and suggestions on earlier drafts. None of the abo...

In the framework of dynamic general equilibrium OLG model we study the dynamics of the quantity and quality of teachers. They are jointly set by a government agency wishing to maximize the quality of basic education per student while being bound by teachers’ collective bargaining agreement which equalizes teacher pay. Our model features two stages of education: basic and advanced, the latter be...

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an economically important disease of chickens. Due to the emergence of new variants of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), the control of IB has become a serious problem for the poultry industry worldwide. In the present study, the nucleocapsid gene (N) and 3' untranslated region (UTR) of two IBVs isolated from Iranian poultry farms were sequenced and compared with ...

infectious bronchitis (ib) is an economically important disease of chickens. due to the emergence of new variants of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), the control of ib has become a serious problem for the poultry industry worldwide. in the present study, the nucleocapsid gene (n) and 3' untranslated region (utr) of two ibvs isolated from iranian poultry farms were sequenced and compared with ...

In order to contest elections in Pakistan in 2002, all candidates for the lower House of Parliament had to have graduated with a Bachelors degree or higher. This unique policy experiment disquali…ed 60 of the 207 legislators elected in the 1997 election, allowing us to identify the causal e¤ect of legislator education on policy outcomes for the …rst time; the outcome we study is their developme...