Steel 2205 is one of the most famous duplex stainless steels. The microstructure of this steel composed of ferrite and austenite in similar amount. Therefore, in order to improve mechanical properties through microstructure, thermo mechanical processes such as controlled hot rolling and forging should be applied. It is not possible to employ the usual heat treatment. It shows the importance of ...

In this paper we present a model and a solution approach for integration of steel continuous casters and hot strip mills to provide more responsive steel production at lower unit cost. We describe the production environment and survey existing methods for planning continuous casters and hot strip mills. Since these processes lie at the solid/liquid interface we use “virtual” slabs, correspondin...

In this paper, a fracto-metallographic analysis was performed on the cracked specimens of cold drawn pearlitic steel subjected to fatigue tests. Fatigue cracks are transcollonial and exhibit a preference for fracturing pearlitic lamellae, with non-uniform crack opening displacement values, micro-discontinuities, branchings, bifurcations and frequent local deflections that create microstructural...

The concept of cold-formed light steel framing construction has been widespread after understanding its structural characteristics with massive research works over the years. Connection serves as one of the important elements for light steel framing in order to achieve its structural stability. Compared to hot-rolled steel sections, cold-formed steel connections perform dissimilarity due to the...

The electric arc furnace (EAF) is used to produce high quality steel from steel scraps. The EAF uses plasma arc to generate heat for melting scarp or direct reduced iron (DRI). The liquid metal should be drained from the tap hole. Manual tapping operation of the EAF in the hot environment around the furnace is a potentially dangerous and time consuming task for the workers. Therefore, it is ess...

The use of a minimum quantity of lubrication (MQL) with extremely low consumption of lubricant in machining processes has been reported as a technologically and environmentally feasible alternative to conventional flood cooling. In hot machining, the external heat source is applied during machining that will assist to increase machining performance. Many external heating techniques are availabl...

High speed machining of hardened steels for manufacturing dies and molds offers various advantages, but the productivity often limited by mainly tool life. This study investigates the influence of edge preparation in cubic boron nitrite (CBN) cutting tools on process parameters and tool performance by utilizing practical finite element (FE) simulations and high speed orthogonal cutting tests. T...

The quality of steel strip produced in a wide strip rolling mill depends heavily on the careful selection of initial ground work roll profiles for each of the mill stands in the finishing train. In the past, these profiles were determined by human experts, based on their knowledge and experience. In this research, a Self-Organising Migration Algorithm (SOMA), a heuristic optimisation algorithm,...

Severe competition in US steel industry urges quality improvements in hot rolling processes. Surface defects have been a long-standing troubling issue in hot rolling processes due to the ineffectiveness of existing detection methods. This paper presents an advanced statistical analysis method to identify the impacting factors in surface defects of hot rolling processes. The surface defects on t...