Protection of animals immunized against Bacillus anthracis is usually demonstrated by challenging with an appropriate dose of a strain of Bacillus anthracis that is lethal to unvaccinated animals inoculated at the same time. In this study the protective efficacy in anthrax vaccine (34F2 sterne strain spore) was evaluated in sheep, goats and guinea pigs challenged with subcutaneous inoculation...

The Atlantic Niño, an equatorial zonal mode akin to the Pacific El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), is phase-locked to boreal summer when the equatorial easterly winds intensify and the thermocline shoals in the Gulf of Guinea. A suite of satellite and in situ observations reveals a new mode of tropical Atlantic variability that displays many characteristics of the zonal mode but instead peaks...

To highlight the processes by which Niger River warms coastal waters in eastern part of northern Gulf Guinea upwelling, two simulations NEMO model at high resolution were used over period 2010 - 2017. The first simulation is realistic while second a effects are not taken into account. step was to evaluate outputs models, using satellite products and situ observations. average states Sea Surface...

We used multi-year satellite observations to study aerosol effects on the large-scale variability in precipitation of the West African Monsoon (WAM) region, which is often impacted by high concentrations of desert dust and biomassburning smoke. We find a statistically significant precipitation reduction associated with high aerosol concentration near the coast of the Gulf of Guinea from late bo...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To assess the nutritional status of infants, children and non-pregnant women and underlying factors, dietary diversity and community food security, in the Kamea community in Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN Prospective cross sectional study. Study population 69 infants (0-59 months), 151 children (6-12 years) and 79 non-pregnant women from 10...