A wheat cultivar "Chinese Spring" chromosome substitution line CS-1S(l)(1B), in which the 1B chromosome was substituted by 1S(l) from Aegilops longissima, was developed and found to possess superior dough and breadmaking quality. The molecular mechanism of its super quality conformation is studied in the aspects of high molecular glutenin genes, protein accumulation patterns, glutenin polymeric...

The study was designed to determine the differential protein expression of Caco-2 cells treated with different forms of selenium including sodium selenite, selenomethionine (Se-Met), and selenium nanoparticles (nano-Se). Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins. The results indicated that ...

The more accurate biomarkers have long been desired for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we characterized global large-scale proteomics of multistep hepatocarcinogenesis in an attempt to identify novel biomarkers for HCC. Quantitative data of 37874 sequences and 3017 proteins during hepatocarcinogenesis were obtained in cohort 1 of 75 samples (5 pooled groups: normal livers, hepatitis live...

The concentration and composition of the gliadin and glutenin seed storage proteins (SSPs) in wheat flour are the most important determinants of its end-use value. In cereals, the synthesis of SSPs is predominantly regulated at the transcriptional level by a complex network involving at least five cis-elements in gene promoters. The high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) are encoded b...

BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective antineoplastic drug; however, clinical use of DOX is limited by its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. It is well known that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in the pathological process of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. For this study, we evaluated the protective effects of guggulsterone (GS), a steroid obtained from myrrh, to determine its p...

In the plant pathogenic ascomycete Fusarium fujikuroi the synthesis of several economically important secondary metabolites (SM) depends on the nitrogen status of the cells. Of these SMs, gibberellin and bikaverin synthesis is subject to nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR) and is therefore only executed under nitrogen starvation conditions. How the signal of available nitrogen quantity and qua...

Energy metabolism, involving the ATP-dependent AMPK-PgC-Ppar pathway impacts metabolic health immensely, in that its impairment can lead to obesity, giving rise to disease. Based on observations that individuals with Gilbert's syndrome (GS; UGT1A1(*)28 promoter mutation) are generally lighter, leaner and healthier than controls, specific inter-group differences in the AMPK pathway regulation we...

Glutamine synthetase (GS) expression increases dramatically during adipocyte differentiation of confluent 3T3-L1 cells. To identify differentiation-responsive cis-acting elements in the GS gene, several GSfusion genes were prepared and analyzed in stably transfected 3T3-L1 cells under conditions that trigger adipocyte differentiation. We find that the GS proximal 5'-flanking sequence lacks the ...

Mastoparan, a 14-residue peptide, stimulates GDP/GTP exchange on G proteins in a manner strikingly analogous to that of agonist-bound receptors. Presumably, the peptide structurally mimics a receptor's G protein-binding domain. We previously reported that mastoparan-X binds to alpha-subunits of Gi and Go in a predominantly alpha-helical conformation [Sukumar, M., & Higashijima, T. (1992) J. Bio...

Alpha subunits of G proteins, which play a vital role in signal transduction, display considerable structural and functional diversity. Point mutations in two forms of alpha subunits, Gs alpha and Gi2 alpha, impairing their GTPase activity, have been detected in endocrine disorders. We report here the presence of truncated Gs alpha transcripts in a human glioblastoma cell line, HS683, and in an...