the construction of underground tunnel plays a more and more important role in the development of big cities. one of the most important problems caused by the construction of the tunnel is that underground excavation will cause large settlement of the ground and buildings. previous studied showed the difference between numerical and experimental results. in this study the case study of niyayesh...

This paper presents a preliminary study on the system reliability for the geotechnical design of braced excavations in soft clays. In this system reliability geotechnical analysis, both ultimate limit state (ULS) and serviceability limit state (SLS) are considered. Herein, the ULS failure refers to the basal heave failure, while the SLS failure refers to failures sue to excessive ground-surface...

An automatic process for estimating ground stability and settlement of circular tunnels is developed practitioners in this paper using finite difference method FLAC code. The numerical model aims to simulate the movement relaxation soil around shield lining annulus that occurs due overcutting grouting tunnel void by a boring machine. To achieve this, uses pressure technique progressively reduce...