While recent changes in Machine Translation state-of-the-art brought translation quality a step further, it is regularly acknowledged that the standard automatic metrics do not provide enough insights to fully measure the impact of neural models. This paper proposes a new type of evaluation focused specifically on the morphological competence of a system with respect to various grammatical phen...

Code-switching is a common practice among bilinguals that seems effortless. It indicates linguistic competence in both languages, as bilinguals are able to uphold grammatical rules for this bilingual language mode while fluently switching at various loci in a sentence (Poplack, 1980). However, perception studies on code-switched speech have generally found that perceiving lexical switches incur...

Studies of first-language acquisition in adolescence are very rare and depend primarily on comprehension measures to evaluate grammatical knowledge. These studies have led to the general conclusion that grammatical development in adolescence is severely impaired and performance is highly variable both within and across individuals. This article is the first to present longitudinal production da...

With the aim of storing learner corpora as well as information about the Basque language students who wrote the texts, two different but complementary databases were created: ERREUS and IRAKAZI. Linguistic and technical information (error description, error category, tools for detection/correction...) will be stored in ERREUS, while IRAKAZI will be filled in with psycholinguistic information (e...

‘Gradient grammar’ (Bresnan & Hay 2006) refers to statistical theories of language competence. A number of studies (Bod et al. 2003, Bresnan et al. 2005, Gries 2007, O’Connor et al. 2004, Snider & Zaenen 2006, Wasow & Arnold 2005, among others) have explored such probabilistic variation where speakers choose among grammatical options (dative and genitive alternations, complementizer optionality...

when studying russian morphology, one can distinguish two categories. these categories are “grammatical” and “lexico-grammatical”. grammatical categories can be specified through a series of grammatical features of words. considering different criteria, russian grammarians and linguists divide grammatical categories of their language into different types. in determining lexico-grammatical types...

The Communicative Approach, started in the 70s, focus on real communication and interaction. This approach is prevalent English teaching as it proposed an alternative to then ubiquitous systems-oriented approaches. In instead of focusing acquisition vocabulary grammar, emphasizes development learner’s competence communicate real-life situations. other words, aims at cultivating communicative ra...

The ultimate goal of translation teaching is to cultivate the students’ competence. Inspired by PACTE (PACTE, 2003) about definition competence, we further break down competences into five sub-competences with more explicit goals: lexical variety, grammatical correctness, stylistic appropriateness, fluency and coherence which vital for cultivation competence engineering students. Then, an exper...

Automatic classification of dialogues between clients and a service center needs a preliminary dialogue parameterization. Such a parameterization is usually faced with essential difficulties when we deal with politeness, competence, satisfaction, and other similar characteristics of clients. In the paper, we show how to avoid these difficulties using empirical formulae based on lexical-grammati...

In classic generative phonology, linguistic competence in the area of sound structure is modeled by a phonological grammar. The theory takes a grammatical form because it posits an inventory of categories (such as features, phonemes, syllables or feet) and a set of principles which specify the well-formed combinations of these categories. In any particular language, a particular set of principl...