conclusions the effective annual dose of interventionists who work in center 1 and 2 was 143.08 and 1226.78 msv respectively. the high radiation dose which delivers to the leg of physicians in center 2 can be an important cause of radiation dermatitis occurred on the leg of our interventionist. patient dose during most of the procedures was less than the threshold dose for occurring erythema bu...

laparoscopic orchiopexy (lo) was used in place of open surgery in 10 patients for diagnosing cryptorchidism in our department. in this method a large abdominal incision was not given in search of intra-abdominal testes. anorchia was diagnosed in four patients, which was shown to be bilateral in one. in one subject with ambiguous genitalia, revealing the presence of intra-abdominal gonads establ...

Introduction: Electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) could be used to dose verification of radiotherapy treatment plans. In vivo dose verification is performed to reduce differences found between dose delivered to the patient and the prescribed dose. The aim of this study was to perform a fast and efficient technique for the verification of delivered dose to the patient usin...

Introduction: The CT Provide high quality images, especially in low-contrast soft tissue, are another advantage. Along with all the benefits that the CT scans which have, the patient dose of this modality is much greater than other methods. As a result, medical imaging community must ensure that the benefits of radiological examination for each patient are higher than related r...

Introduction: The relation between patient Body Mass Index (BMI) and the external dose rate of thyroid cancer patients treated with 131I has been investigated. Methods: A total of 183 patients treated with 131I were selected randomly and divided according to their administrated activity into three groups: 3.7GBq, 5.5GBq and 7.4GBq. They were also stratified into three gro...

Gonads were removed from fetal mice at about the time that gonadal sex differentiation occurs. The gonads were cultured in vitro with or without their mesonephric tissue. When gonads and ducts removed from sexually undifferentiated fetuses were cultured together, the gonads of both sexes developed female characteristics, whereas gonads cultured without mesonephros developed according to the sex...