28 The glycocalyx is a key mechanosensor on the surfaces of vascular cells (EC/SMC), 29 and recently, we reported that the redistribution of the hemodynamic factors in 30 tail-suspended (TS) hindlimb-unloaded rats induces the dimensional adaptation of the 31 endothelial glycocalyx in a regional-dependent manner. In the present study, we 32 investigated the coverage and gene expression of the gl...

The invasive larvae (cercariae) of schistosomes penetrate the skin of their definitive hosts. During the invasion, they undergo dramatic ultrastructural and physiological transitions. These changes result in the development of the subsequent stage, schistosomulum, which migrates through host tissues in close contact with host's immune system. One of the striking changes in the transforming cerc...

The progress in reperfusion therapy dictated the necessity for developing new tools and procedures for adjacent/additional therapy of acute cardiovascular disorders. The adjacent therapy is targeted on the damage of the microcirculation, leading to the unfavorable prognosis for the patients. The no-reflow phenomenon holds special place in the multifactorial etiology of the microcirculation diso...

The normal endothelial glycocalyx is composed by glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), proteoglycans and glycoproteins fully integrated into a functional layer attached to the vascular endothelial luminal surface. The shredding of the glycocalyx appears as an essential initial step in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and microangiopathic complications of T2DM: the degradation of the glycocalyx enabl...

The surface of mammalian spermatozoa is covered by a dense coating of carbohydrate-rich molecules forming a 20-60 nm thick glycocalyx. The majority of sugar residues are attached to proteins which are either integrated within the sperm membrane, or are more or less loosely associated with it. It is estimated that there may be several hundred different glycoproteins comprising the glycocalyx, so...

INTRODUCTION Postischemic injury to the coronary vascular endothelium, in particular to the endothelial glycocalyx, may provoke fluid extravasation. Shedding of the glycocalyx is triggered by redox stress encountered during reperfusion and should be alleviated by the radical scavenger nitric oxide (NO). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of exogenous administration of NO ...

Endothelial cells perform key homeostatic functions such as regulating blood flow, permeability, and aiding immune surveillance for pathogens. While endothelial activation serves normal physiological adaptation, maladaptation of these endothelial functions has been identified as an important effector mechanism in the progression of renal disease as well as the associated development of cardiova...

A healthy vascular endothelium is coated by the endothelial glycocalyx. Its main constituents are transmembrane syndecans and bound heparan sulphates. This structure maintains the physiological endothelial permeability barrier and prevents leukocyte and platelet adhesion, thereby mitigating inflammation and tissue oedema. Heparinase, a bacterial analogue to heparanase, is known to attack the gl...

The glycocalyx is a dynamic network of multiple membrane-bound complexes lining the vascular endothelium. Its role in maintaining vascular homeostasis includes regulating vascular permeability as well as a range of vital functions, such as mechanotransduction, hemostasis, modulation of inflammatory processes, and serving as an antiatherogenic. Revisionist thinking about the Starling principle i...

In the paper, the Author emphasises the central role of glycocalyx bedside evaluation in clinical demonstration of Water Memory-Information. In health, such a paramount structure of cell life is related to a normal n-DNA and mit-DNA, while whatever cell abnormality, independent of its nature, bring about glycocalyx dysfunction, bedside assessed with the aid of Quantum Biophysical Semeiotics. Sw...