OBJECTIVE The goals of this study were to determine whether improvements in metabolic control can ameliorate the cognitive dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes and evaluate the possibility that such improvements are mediated by changes in circulating insulin or insulin resistance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This randomized double-blind trial enrolled 145 subjects at 18 centers in the ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate risk factors, notably drugs, for acute pancreatitis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A population-based case-control study was conducted of 1.4 million inhabitants, aged 20-85 years, of four regions in Sweden between 1 January 1995 and 31 May 1998. A total of 462 case subjects were hospitalized in surgery departments for their first episode of acute pancreatitis without prev...

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION 3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS 5.1 Hypoglycemia 5.2 Macrovascular Outcomes 6 ADVERSE REACTIONS 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience 6.2 Post Marketing Experience 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS 8.1 Pregnancy 8.3 Nursing Mothers 8.4 Pediatric Use 8.5 Geriatric Use 8.6 Renal Impairment 8.7...

WAY 120,491 lowers blood pressure in a number of animal models. Its mechanism of action appears to be the selective opening of K+ channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. The patch clamp technique was used to determine the specific K+ channel affected by WAY 120,491 in isolated tail artery cells of the rat. In the inside-out configuration, WAY 120,491 caused a dose dependent partial reversal o...

Nateglinide, a novel D-phenylalanine derivative, stimulates insulin release via closure of K(ATP) channels in pancreatic beta-cell, a primary mechanism of action it shares with sulfonylureas (SUs) and repaglinide. This study investigated (1) the influence of ambient glucose levels on the insulinotropic effects of nateglinide, glyburide and repaglinide, and (2) the influence of the antidiabetic ...

Type 2 diabetes is associated with decreased incretin hormone response to an oral glucose load, and a progressive decline in postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. Incretin-based therapies offer a new option for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Saxagliptin, a potent, selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor specifically designed for extended inhibition of the DPP-4 enzym...

BACKGROUND Although medication adherence is one of the most important aspects of the management of diabetes mellitus, low rates of adherence have been documented. OBJECTIVE This study sought to examine medication adherence among patients with diabetes mellitus in a managed care organization who were receiving antidiabetic monotherapy (metformin or glyburide), combination therapy (metformin an...

The mechanism by which the antihypertensive agent BRL 34915 (cromakalim) affects action potential duration (APD) and effective refractory period (ERP) in isolated cardiac muscle was investigated. BRL 34915 (greater than or equal to 3 microM) shortened ERP of ferret (Mustela putorius furo) and guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) papillary muscles in a concentration-dependent fashion. The reduction in E...