The present technology of atomic clocks rnotivatcs time transfer tcclrniques with nanosecond accuracy. Global Positioning System (GPS), the most colllnlon means for international time comparisons could achieve such acciiracy ovthr short, rlista~lccs (up to 1000 km). Over intercontinental distances the accuracy of the GPS tirrlc: transfer ranges between 20 and 30 ns. Some of the principal error ...

One application in structural engineering is measuring the movement of suspension bridges. Under unfavourable wind conditions or heavy traffic loads cable suspension bridges may move up to a few metres. Therefore a positioning system used to monitor bridge movements can provide valuable information. For such monitoring applications it is desirable for the positioning system to deliver equal pre...

To position arbitrary outdoor measurements, the most common methods are the use of global positioning system (GPS) technology or distance tracking from reference locations. The system to be introduced here consists of a combination of an optical distance tracking system and a civil, autonomous GPS receiver. Through the application of a recursive filter, both components support and correct each ...

Dual-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) Real-time Kinematics (RTK) has been proven in the past few years to be a reliable and efficient technique to obtain high accuracy positioning. However, there are still challenges for GPS single-frequency RTK, such as low reliability and ambiguity resolution (AR) success rate, especially in kinematic environments. Recently, multi-Global Navigation S...

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is becoming more attractive navigation means for LEO spacecraft due to the data accuracy and convenience for utilization. The anomalies such as serious variations of Dilution-Of-Precision (DOP), loss of infrequent 3-dimensional position fix, and deterioration of instantaneous accuracy of position and velocity data could be observed, which have not been appear...

Geographical location solutions have a wide diversity of applications, ranging from emergency services to access to tourist and entertainment services. GPS (Global Positioning System) is the most widely used system for outdoor areas. Since it requires a direct line of sight with the satellites, it cannot be used indoors. For indoor positioning, the most commonly used technology to calculate the...

On May 3rd 2000, one day after the United States Department of Defense disabled Selective Availability Scrambling on its Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites, a container with a logbook was placed outside of Portland, Oregon and its GPS coordinates were posted to an online satellite newsgroup. By May 6th, 2000 the cache had been visited twice and logged once. This was the beginning of Geo...

• The combination of signals planned to be available for civil use from the U.S.'s Global Positioning System (GPS) and the former U.S.S.R.'s GLONASS system offers the promise of an accurate and economical sole-means navigation system for civil aviation. An FAA-sponsored program at Lincoln Laboratory has examined the technical issues associated with the integrated use of the two autonomous syste...