statement of problem comprehensive diagnosis is regarded as an important base for orthodontic treatment. an effective way to achieve a correct diagnosis is to compare the craniofacial skeleton of patients with normal cases in the same race through lateral cephalograms. purpose the present study was designed to determine the cephalometric norms of senior high school students in the city of hamed...

Student wastage in higher education is a problem of great importance in our society. The time has come to try to start a service to give specialised help for redeployment in continued education or in suitable employment that carries further training prospects. This would be not only a humane social service, but a real component of the educational and economic system. At present, wastage in the ...

Early retirement incentives (ERIs) are increasingly prevalent in education as districts seek to close budget gaps by replacing expensive experienced teachers with lower-cost newer teachers. Combined with the aging of the teacher workforce, these ERIs are likely to change the composition of teachers dramatically in the coming years. We use exogenous variation from an ERI program in Illinois in t...

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For far too long, schools have been violent places where Black girls are often adultified, overdisciplined, and overlooked. In school science mathematics specifically, isolated, tokenized, made to feel invisible. This qualitative study leveraged the Multidimensionality of Girls’ STEM Learning conceptual framework explore roles two women middle teachers on learning experiences 12 who live in U.S...

Abstract Girls’ attitudes towards mathematics can impact their achievement and career choices in STEM fields. Can the introduction of inquiry-based learning (IBL) classes generate positive associations between girls’ perceptions environment mathematics? Based United Arab Emirates, this study provided important information about relationships factors central to an inquiry method student engageme...

 ABSTRACT Background: To determine daily calcium, Vitamin D intake and serum biochemical findings of rickets in adolescent girls. Methods: A total of 414 healthy adolescent student girls aged 11-15 years were evaluated from various areas of Tehran, Iran with different socioeconomic status. A randomized, cross-sectional, prospective and descriptive study was undertaken for calculation of daily c...

University researchers and teacher facilitators implemented a state-funded professional development project during the 2005-06 academic year to help county middle school teachers improve student achievement in mathematics. In this paper, we discuss lessons and results from this innovative model, whose iterative cycle includes teacher content knowledge, item analysis from a high-stakes test, ped...

The engagement of adolescent girls in physical activity (PA) is a persistent challenge. School-based PA programs have often met with little success because of the lack of linkages between school and community PA settings. The Triple G program aimed to improve PA levels of secondary school girls (12-15 years) in regional Victoria, Australia. The program included a school-based physical education...

Gender differences in the STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics) disciplines are widespread in most OECD countries and mathematics is the only subject where typically girls tend to underperform with respect to boys. This paper describes the gender gap in math test scores in Italy, which is one of the countries displaying the largest differential between boys and girls according t...