The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of thermocycling on microleakage beneath brackets bonded with an orthodontic composite and different flowable materials. Brackets were bonded to 200 bovine incisors divided into five groups: (1) Transbond XT, (2) X-Flow, (3) Dyract-Flow, (4) Admira-Flow, and (5) Beautiful-Flow. Half the teeth in each group were thermocycled. The specimens we...

To determine degree of conversion (DC), maximum polymerization rate (RPmax), shrinkage (PS), (PS Rmax) and fracture toughness (KIC) different types bulk-fill (BF) composites plus the effect viscosity reduction techniques. BF specimens were created in 2 mm deep molds: SonicFill 3 (SF3), Viscalor (VC), One Bulk Fill (OBF) Beautifil (BBR). SF3 was applied via sonic insertion using a handpiece (Ker...