Common modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and tobacco use associated with urbanization and lifestyle changes and an aging population, give rise to the intermediate risk factors such as overweight/obesity, hyperglycaemia, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia the stepping stones to the main chronic non communicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, stroke, cancer...

The panel of laboratory tests available for diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in dogs and cats is wide, and, recently, several new tests have been developed. This article will focus on advances in laboratory tests that are available for the general practitioner for diagnosis of GI diseases. Laboratory tests for diagnosis of gastric and intestinal infectious diseases include fecal para...

Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a new endoscopic imaging technology that allows real-time, high-resolution observation of tomographic images mucosal cells and subcellular levels in vivo, detecting microscopic structural changes morphology, its vivo immediate pathological diagnostic capability can avoid delays diagnosis reduce the pain caused by repeated biopsies. CLE known as “optical bi...

Dietary management is a vital component of successful treatment of many Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases that cause diarrhea. Some conditions can be managed with diet alone, while others require concurrent medical management. In these cases, dietary management may facilitate the use of lower medication dosages, reducing the potential for side-effects. This seminar will provide an overview of “GI”...

BACKGROUND: During Ramadan, the 9 month in the Hijri lunar calendar, healthy adult Muslims are obliged to fast from sunrise to sunset. The fast of Ramadan has significant health effects and is the most commonly researched religious fasting. In this study, we will investigate available findings on the effects of Ramadan fasting on gastrointestinal (GI) signs, symptoms, and diseases. METHODS: We ...

introduction: osteoporosis and periodontal diseases are both multifactorial and are mostly associated with aging. the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between osteoporosis and periodontal diseases. materials and methods: in this analytical/cross-sectional study, periodontal examinations were carried out on 98 women who had undergone bone mass densitometry. of these cases, cons...

Gastrointestinal (GI) procedures are administered in multiple setting such as the intensive care unit, emergency room, hospital operating room, or in an ambulatory unit. One of these procedures, colonoscopy, is a popular tool for monitoring, preventing, and diagnosing a variety of gastrointestinal diseases ranging from inflammation of the GI tract to colon cancer. A coordinated effort between t...

Probiotics are live cultures of microbes; often lactic acid bacteria, but also some other species, which when fed to animals, improve their health and growth through altering the intestinal microbial balance. In the present research, healthy chickens’ gastrointestinal (GI) tracts were screened for the presence of lactic acid bacteria with probiotic properties. The probiotic properties of the is...