objective: there are some metabolic similarities between women with gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) and polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos); it is still uncertain, however, to what extent coexistence gdm and pcos affects pregnancy outcome. the present study was designed to determine the obstetric and neonatal outcome in pcos with gdm. materials and methods: a case-control study was conducted i...

objective(s): the link between a hyperglycemic intrauterine environment and the development of diabetes later in life has been observed in offspring exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm), but the underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon are still not clear. reduced β-cells mass is a determinant in the development of diabetes (type 1 and type 2 diabetes). some recent studies have provi...

objective(s): thyroid hormones play an essential role in fetal growth and maternal hypo-thyroidism which leads to cardiovascular deficiency in their offspring.  considering this, we intended to investigate the impact of gestational hypothyroidism on offspring vascular contractibility and possible underlying mechanisms. materials and methods: hypothyroidism was induced in female rats by administ...

background : gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (gtn) disease is excessive and inappropriate proliferation of trophoblast after termination of the pregnancy. many attempts have been made to improve follow-up procedures, but no studies have evaluated human chorionic gonadotrophin (hcg) as a post treatment indicator. thus we aimed to know β-hcg variability in post treatment pregnancies.   method...

conclusions self-care education can improve self-care behavior in women with gestational diabetes and it is also effective in impaired glucose tolerance. results after adjusting for the baseline score, the mean score of self-care behaviors was significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group four weeks after the intervention [adjusted mean difference: 19.5; 95% confidence in...

Preterm Birth: Introduction Low birthweight defines neonates who are born too small, and preterm or premature birth are the terms used to define neonates who are born too early. With respect to gestational age, a newborn may be preterm, term, or postterm. With respect to size, a newborn may be normally grown or appropriate for gestational age, small in size or small-for-gestational age, or over...

We performed a population-based cohort study of 1,109,605 women who delivered in Ontario, Canada, between 1 April 1996 and 31 March 2010. We categorized women as gestational diabetes (GDM) (n = 45,384), pregestational diabetes (pre-GDM) (n = 13,278), or no diabetes (n = 1,050,943). The annual age-adjusted rates of diabetes in pregnancy were calculated, and rates of serious perinatal outcomes we...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate trends and reproductive outcomes of gestational surrogacy in the United States. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Infertility clinics. PATIENT(S) IVF cycles transferring at least one embryo. INTERVENTION(S) Use of a gestational carrier. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Trends in gestational carrier cycles during 1999-2013, overall and for non-U.S. residents; repr...

BACKGROUND It is crucial to identify in large population samples the most important determinants of excessive fetal growth. The aim of the study was to evaluate the independent role of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes on the risk of macrosomia. METHODS A prospective study collected data on mode of delivery and maternal/neonatal outcomes in ...

Gestational pemphigoid is a rare pruritic bullous pregnancy associated dermatosis caused by autoantibodies against placental and dermal collagen XVII. Clinically, it is characterized by severe pruritus and blisters on abdominal skin and extremities. Immunofluorescence analysis of perilesional skin is used in the diagnostics and maternal serum BP180-levels reflect the disease activity. Topical s...