Since 2011, the region has been a profound socio-economic changes originated from n Tunisia, & spread to Middle Eastern and the former power structures affected. The management and direction to these uprisings is the key question of this paper. The key question, is the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran how answer to these Middle East public uprisings in the years 2011-2014? <...

Despite their importance in public discourse, numbers in the range of one million to one trillion are notoriously difficult to understand. We examine magnitude estimation by adult Americans when placing large numbers on a number line and when qualitatively evaluating descriptions of imaginary geopolitical scenarios. Common conceptions of the number line suggest a logarithmic compression of the ...

The concept of communicability is introduced for complex socioeconomic networks. The communicability function expresses how an impact propagates from one place to another in the network. This function is used to define unambiguously the concept of socio-economic community. The concept of temperature in complex socio-economic networks is also introduced as a way of accounting for the external st...

Knowledge spillovers—non-rival information goods with the potential to be adapted by neighboring producers—have been the focus of a large body of empirical and theoretical economic research. However, the majority of existing work only examines two industries (academic and patent citation networks), and only focuses on estimating the effects of individual geopolitical units on knowledge spillove...