Influenza vaccine seeds produced in chicken eggs are selected through HA and NA surface glycoproteins antigenicity, as well as through high replicative ability. Here we characterize the genetic content of recently used thirteen H3N2 influenza vaccine seeds. Interestingly, sequence analysis of the vaccine seeds shows reassortment events leading to PR8:H3N2 segment constellations, ranging from th...

objective: il18 is a cytokine that plays an important role in the t-cell-helper type 1 (th1) response and hence, plasmid-encoded il18 is considered as a potent genetic adjuvant for dna vaccine studies. in this study, a bicistronic eukaryotic plasmid capable of secreting a more stable mouse il18 (fused with fcγ2a fragment) was constructed and expression of this chimer cytokine was also assessed....

To determine the genetic and epidemiological relationship of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates from commercial poultry to attenuated live IBV vaccines we conducted a phylogenetic network analysis on the full-length S1 sequence for Arkansas (Ark), Massachusetts (Mass) and Delmarva/1639 (DMV/1639) type viruses isolated in 2015 from clinical cases by 3 different diagnostic laboratories. P...

The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) conducts national active surveillance of rare diseases of childhood, including infectious and vaccine preventable diseases, genetic disorders, childhood injuries and mental health conditions. Studies of communicable and vaccine-preventable diseases are supported by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing through its communicab...

background: influenza virus is a major infectious pathogen of the respiratory system causing a high degree of morbidity and mortality annually. the worldwide vaccines are decided and produced annually by world health organization and licensed companies based on the samples collected from all over the world. the aim of this study was to determine phylogenecity and heterogenecity of the circulati...

Age-specific genetic and antigenic variations of influenza viruses have not been documented in tropical and subtropical regions. We implemented a systematic surveillance program in two tertiary hospitals in Hong Kong Island, to collect 112 A(H1N1)pdm09 and 254 A(H3N2) positive specimens from 2013 to 2014. Of these, 56 and 72 were identified as genetic variants of the WHO recommended vaccine com...

genetic typing methods of t. gondii strains have been extensively perfected in recent years. from a technical point of view, many tools usable for genetic studied on single-copy loci have been used: rflp, pcr-rflp, sequencing, rapd-pcr and isoenzyme analysis. we described the cloning and sequence analysis of the gene which encodes the major surface antigen (sag1 or p30) of t. gondii. sag1 is th...