The determination of absolute purity by DSC has been an accepted technique since the mid 1960s. One source of error in the purity method, that has limited its applicability and accuracy, is uncorrected thermal lag. New DSC instrumentation incorporates these corrections directly into the heat flow signal. This superior approach leads to improved peak resolution and to more accurate purity analys...

rna extraction is a prerequisite technique for gene expression studies, analyzing the etiology and disease progression, treatment effects, as well as designing the diagnostic methods. although many rna extraction kits have been commercialized, but these kits are expensive and are not accessible in some countries. many studies have shown that trizol is an applicable material for the rna extracti...

PCR based molecular markers are powerful tools for the analysis of genetic diversity for which isolation of good quality genomic DNA is essential. This paper presents a comparison of three DNA extraction methods for 1, 5 and 10 larvae of Aedes aegypti. First method employing DNAzol® involves simple and one step protocol for DNA isolation where maximum purity (A260/A280 1.9) was obtained with si...

Background Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection, an approach considered to be "liquid biopsy", is a potential alternative method in clinical use for early diagnosis of solid tumor progression. Methods In this study, we developed a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) - nanofiber (PN)-NanoVelcro chip as an efficient device for simple and rapid capture of CTCs from peripheral blood. We eva...

We describe single-cell and single-colony sorting protocols which allowed for rapid establishment of a diverse culture collection of clonal autotrophic picoplankton (APP) isolates originating from oligotrophic and oligo-mesotrophic subalpine lakes. Overall sort recoveries, expressed as the percentage of sorted microwells exhibiting APP growth, ranged from 5% to 17% depending on the type of APP,...

Practical specification languages for imperative and object-oriented programs, such as JML, Eiffel, and Spec#, allow the use of program expressions including method calls in specification formulas. For coherent semantics of specifications, and to avoid anomalies with runtime assertion checking, expressions in specifications and assertions are typically required to be weakly pure in the sense th...

We divide attempts to give the structural proof theory of modal logics into two kinds, those pure formulationswhose inference rules characterise modality completely by means of manipulations of boxes and diamonds, and those labelled formulations that leverage the use of labels in giving inference rules. The widespread adoption of labelled formulations is driven by their ability to model feature...

We give a construction that identifies the collection of pure processes (i.e. those which are deterministic, or without randomness) within a theory containing both pure and mixed processes. Working in the framework of symmetric monoidal categories, we define a pure subcategory. This definition arises elegantly from the categorical notion of a weak factorisation system. Our construction gives th...