It is common in longitudinal studies for scheduled visits to be accompanied by as-needed visits due to medical events occurring between scheduled visits. If the timing of these as-needed visits is related to factors that are associated with the outcome but are not among the regression model covariates, naively including these as-needed visits in the model yields biased estimates. In this paper,...

OBJECTIVE Mechanisms of air pollution-induced exacerbation of cardiovascular disease are currently unknown, thus we examined the roles of vascular endothelin-1 (ET-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in regulating mediators of vascular remodeling, namely matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), after exposure to vehicle engine emissions. METHODS AND RESULTS ApoE(-/-) mice were exposed by inhalation...

"intended to be read in the privacy of the chamber by married women or by those contemplating marriage, and is not intended for the publicity of the streets, or to satisfy the curiosity of the vicious." It was sold by non-professional booksellers for sixpence.) Qualified privilege may take many forms. Probably the most important form is the wide class said by the judges to be made pursuant to a...

As part of a human-robot interaction project, we are interested by gestural modality as one of many ways to communicate. In order to develop a relevant gesture recognition system associated to a smart home butler robot. Our methodology is based on an IQ gamelike Wizard of Oz experiment to collect spontaneous and implicitly produced gestures in an ecological context. During the experiment, the s...

The generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach is a widely used statistical method in the analysis of longitudinal data in clinical and epidemiological studies. It is an extension of the generalized linear model (GLM) method to correlated data such that valid standard errors of the parameter estimates can be drawn. Unlike the GLM method, which is based on the maximum likelihood theory for i...