G ASTROESOPHAGEAL reflux disease (GORD) is the most common oesophageal disease. Besides the typical presentation of heartburn and acid regurgitation, GORD can cause atypical symptoms. An estimated 20–60% of patients with GORD have head and neck symptoms without heartburn 1 and at least 10% of patients who attend a general ear, nose and throat clinic will have symptoms or signs related to reflux...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition that develops when the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus causes troublesome symptoms, esophageal injury, and/or complications. Use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) remains the standard therapy for GERD and is effective in most patients. Those whose symptoms are refractory to PPIs should be evaluated further and other treatment opt...

1 Department of Surgery, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Room 3226, Maywood, IL 60153, USA 2Department of Surgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil 3 Swallowing Center, Department of Surgery, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Room 3226, M...

Millions of Americans are affected by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in many different ways. The magnitude of the problem of GERD was brought to light by the ambulatory pH test, the introduction of minimally invasive surgery, and the advent of the many medications that are effective in acid suppression. Patients with GERD suffer from various consequences associated with the disease. How...

The role of radiologic imaging in evaluating patients with suspected GERD has been clarified in recent years. The barium esophagram is used primarily for detecting the gross morphologic changes of reflux esophagitis and is a reliable screening method for diagnosing the more severe grades of disease. Evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux by barium examination is less certain; the technique is po...

CONTEXT Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition which develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms and/or complications. Its pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment have frequently been analyzed but it is interesting to review some aspects of the GERD refractory patients to the proton pump inhibitors treatment. The treatment encompasses behavioral meas...