Drug delivery to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is key for improving treatment of GI maladies, developing oral vaccines, and facilitating drug transport into circulation. However, delivery of formulations to the GI tract is hindered by pH changes, degradative enzymes, mucus, and peristalsis, leading to poor GI retention. Targeting may prolong residence of therapeutics in the GI tract and enhan...

BACKGROUND Gastroparesis is a disorder characterized by a delay in gastric emptying of a meal in the absence of a mechanical gastric outlet obstruction. AIM To provide an evidence based overview on diagnosis and management of gastroparesis. METHODS A PubMed search was performed using search terms including gastroparesis, gastric retention, gastric emptying, accommodation, manometry, prokine...

MG7-Ag, a specific gastric cancer-associated antigen, can be used to non-invasively monitor gastric cancer by molecular imaging with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). In this study, we prepared and evaluated a (68)Ga-labeled MG7 antibody as a molecular probe for nanoPET/CT imaging of gastric cancer in a BGC-823 tumor xenografted mouse model. Macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7-t...

Arteriovenous anastomoses disrupt cardiovascular and renal homeostasis, eliciting hemodynamic adjustments, resetting the humoral pattern, and inducing cardiac hypertrophy. Because acute circulatory imbalance alters gut motor behavior, we studied the effects of arteriovenous fistula placement on the gastric emptying (GE) of a liquid meal in awake rats. After laparotomy, we created an aortocaval ...

Management of infirmity through medication is entering a new era in which growing number of novel drug delivery systems are being employed and are available for therapeutic use. Oral sustained release gastro-retentive dosage forms (GRDFs) offer many advantages for drugs with absorption from upper parts of gastrointestinal tract and for those acting locally in the stomach, improving the bioavail...

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to develop a scintigraphic test to measure gastric emptying and accommodation simultaneously. METHODS Gastric emptying and accommodation were measured in healthy subjects. To determine gastric accommodation, the stomach was imaged with SPECT 20 min after intravenous administration of 185 MBq (5 mCi) (99m)Tc-pertechnetate. After ingestion of 11 MBq (300 mic...

General anesthesia may predispose patients to aspiration of gastroesophageal contents because of depression of protective reflexes during loss of consciousness. In addition, some patients may be at increased risk of pulmonary aspiration because of retention of gastric contents caused by pain, inadequate starvation, or gastrointestinal pathology resulting in reduced gastric emptying and gastroes...

BACKGROUND The abnormally high postprandial rate of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations seen in patients with reflux disease may be related to altered proximal gastric motor function. Heightened visceral sensitivity may also contribute to reporting of symptoms in these patients. AIMS To assess motor function of the proximal stomach and visceral perception in reflux disease with ...

There have been reports of oesophageal reflux following operations performed for peptic ulcer (Clarke, Penry, and Ward, 1965; Windsor, 1964). Reflux has been noted after partial gastrectomy (Windsor, 1964) and also after vagotomy plus a gastric drainage procedure (Clarke et al, 1965). The operation of vagotomy plus gastric drainage could cause reflux oesophagitis to occur either through direct ...

Recent technological and scientific research has been devoted to the development of rate-controlled drug delivery system overcome physiological adversities such as unpredictable gastric emptying times residence time. FDDS are particular interest drugs that locally active have narrow absorption window in stomach. offers numerous advantages, specially having GIT, primary stomach, Prolonged retent...