1. Carbenoxolone, in suspension at pH 4.0, inhibits swine pepsin A, and human pepsins 1,3 and 5. Human pepsin 5 is the most readily inhibited, and human pepsin 1 the least. 2. Inhibition occurs by a process which is time-dependent, temperature-dependent and proportional to the quantity of carbenoxolone suspended. 3. Carbenoxolone, in solution at pH 7.4 and pH 8.0, inhibits the activation of the...

Background: Transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) is a 50 amino acid peptide with potent proliferative and cytoprotective activity present in gastric mucosa and juice. Aims: To determine the forms and biological activity of natural and recombinant TGF-α following incubation with acid pepsin. Patients: Human gastric juice was obtained under basal conditions from patients taking acid suppressants ...

PURPOSE: Scorpion toxin purified from Tityus serrulatus venom (Tx) induces an increase in volume, acidity and pepsin secretion in the gastric juice of rats. Ligation of oesophagus has been shown to reduce the acid gastric secretion in rats. The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of the esophageal ligation on gastric secretion induced by Tx in rats METHODS: Forty-four male albino r...

Introduction. Gastroesophageal reflux has been associated with chronic inflammatory diseases and may be a cause of airway remodelling. Aspiration of gastric fluids may cause damage to airway epithelial cells, not only because acidity is toxic to bronchial epithelial cells, but also since it contains digestive enzymes, such as pepsin. Aim. To study whether pepsin enhances cytotoxicity and inflam...

The susceptibility of a dietary protein to proteolytic degradation by digestive enzymes, such as gastric pepsin, provides information on the likelihood of systemic exposure to a structurally intact and biologically active macromolecule, thus informing on the safety of proteins for human and animal consumption. Therefore, the purpose of standardized in vitro degradation studies that are performe...

: Pepsin is an aspartate protease that generated from its proenzyme, pepsinogen by autocatalysis initiated a fall in pH below 5. Human gastric juice contains eight isoenzymes of pepsin. The peptides released on conversion to pepsin which there are potentially five, have been shown antimicrobial activity against wide range bacteria including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus also ...

The existence of more than one gastric pepsin has been reported by many authors. Herriott, Desreux, and Northrop (1940) separated two proteolytic fractions from human gastric juice by salt-fractionation methods, and similar results were described by Baker (1951) and Taylor (1959b). Using moving boundary electrophoresis, Kushner, Rapp, and Burtin (1964), Merten, Schramm, Grassmann, and Hannig (1...

BACKGROUND Acid gastroesophageal reflux is a common problem in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and COPD. Invasive methods are used to diagnose gastroesophageal reflux, but the ability to detect pulmonary microaspiration of gastric contents using this method is unclear. A noninvasive option to detect pulmonary microaspiration is to measure pepsin in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), but this h...