An air pollutant consists of any atmospheric substance that may harm humans, animals, vegetation or material. Various air pollutants have been reported, differing in their physicochemical characteristics. They can be grouped into four categories: gaseous pollutants (e.g. ozone, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds), persistent organic pollutants, he...

Dogs are often the species of choice as an experimental model for the study of pulmonary responses to long-term exposure to air pollutants in chambers simulating environmental or occupational exposure in man. Their lungs bear a reasonable resemblance to human lungs, they are large enough to allow serial measurements of pulmonary responses, and they live long enough to ensure that findings are n...

The Health Effects Institute, established in 1980, is an independent and unbiased source of information on the health effects of motor vehicle emissions. HEI supports research on all major pollutants, including regulated pollutants (such as carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter) and unregulated pollutants (such as diesel engine exhaust, methanol, and aldehydes). To da...

The Steubenville Comprehensive Air Monitoring Program is comprised of two complementary and inter-related programs which cannot stand independently. One project is funded through the Ohio Department of Development (ODOD) Coal Development Office (CDO) under Grant Agreement No. CDO/D-98-2. The other project is described in Unsolicited Proposal No. P9908026 “Characterization of the PM2.5, PM10, an...

Today, air pollution has emerged as a global public health problem and is identified as a major environmental health hazard by agencies such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and governments around the world. An increase in concentration of pollutants both gaseous and solid is among the largest health risk in the world and according to the latest data released by WHO, indoor and outdoor ai...

Transboundary air pollution (TAP) and local (LAP) influence the quality of urban areas. Fukuoka, located on west side Japan affected by TAP from Asian continent, is a unique example for understanding contribution LAP TAP. Gaseous species particulate matter (PM) were measured approximately three weeks in Fukuoka winter 2018. We classified two distinctive periods, TAP, based wind speed. The class...

Directly active mutagens are formed on exposure of the promutagen benzo[a]pyrene to gaseous pollutants in smog. In simulated atmospheres containing 1 part per million nitrogen dioxide and traces of nitric acid, directly mutagenic nitro derivatives are readily formed from both benzo[a]pyrene and perylene, a non-mutagen in the Ames reversion assay. Possible formation of direct mutagens by such re...