in the continuous gas lift operation, compressed gas is injected into the lower section of tubing through annulus. the produced liquid flow rate is a function of gas injection rate and injection depth. all the equations to determine depth of injection assumes constant density for gas based on an average temperature of surface and bottomhole that decreases the accuracy of gas lift design. also g...

The performance of airlift bioreactors are closely related with their geometry, especially the gas-liquid separator design. In this study, the influence of the gas-liquid separator geometry on oxygen transfer and gas hold-up was evaluated in 10-L concentric-tube airlift bioreactor operating with distilled water and xanthan gum solution. The specific airflow rate (ɸAIR) exhibited the higher effe...

Upgrading of cracked PFO (Pyrolysis fuel oil) for production of fuels, such as gasoline and light gasoil, was carried out in a semi batch reactor. Two different kinds of mesoporous and microporous catalysts, MCM-41 and ZSM-5, were used. Modification methods, such as ion exchange and impregnation with Fe and Ti, were done for tuning the acidity of the catalyst. XRD, FT-IR, and XRF analyzes were ...

beginning with a discussion of energy and exergy analysis definitions, the presented study provides a descriptive mathematical model for energy and exergy analysis for a co-current gas cooling tower. for this purpose using conservation laws of mass, energy and momentum, the variation of temperature and enthalpy of gas and liquid streams are predicted along the tower length and are used in order...

An apparatus and methodology were de®eloped to measure the oxygen and carbon ( ) dioxide permeance of hollow fiber membranes HFMs in a gas-liquid en®ironment. The gas-liquid permeance measurements were compared with measurements made in a gas-gas en®ironment to ®alidate the methodology and to determine whether the permeance of an HFM in a gas-liquid en®ironment differs inherently than in a gas-...

this paper assesses the design guidelines of different classification codes for the liquefied natural gas carriers considering the effect of liquid sloshing. with regard the increasing importance of lng carriers in today’s marine transportation, and also considering that the marine accidents involve significant loss, classification societies by regulating national and international standards ai...

the aim of this study was to investigate the removal of toluene from air through nano-graphene modified by ionic liquid (ng-il). the batch adsorption experiments in glass bottle of gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (gc-fid) were used. graphene ultrahigh-quality synthesized by substrate-free gas-phase method in a single step and graphene sheets were deposited with ionic-...

One way to confront chemical warfare in order to reduce their harmful effects, is to use the body's defense mechanisms. In order to do so firstly mustard gas (HD) was injected in an animal model in the form of an immunogen and the induced humoral immune response was investigated by two different immunological methods such as the Ouchterlony test and a new liquid phase fluoroimmunoassay. 7l...