In the present study, simulations are directed to capture dynamics of evacuating inner gas a bubble bursting at free surface, using Eulerian based volume fluid (VOF) method. The rate by which surrounding air rushing inside cavity through evacuation is estimated and compared collapsing during sequential stages surface. Further, reachability over surface evaluated establishing comparison same var...

The stock market, take-over bidders, executive pay setters, perhaps Stephen Littlechild himself, even last summer’s weather, all seem to have been undermining RPI–X price-cap regulation. Until recently, price-cap regulation was regarded as demonstrably superior to US-style rate-of-return regulation, and regulatory reform in several countries has embraced price-cap regulation. But in Britain, wh...

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment is a rapidly expanding and emerging technology for cancer treatment. Direct CAP jet irradiation is limited to the skin and it can also be invoked as a supplement therapy during surgery as it only causes cell death in the upper three to five cell layers. However, the current cannulas from which the plasma emanates are too large for intracranial application...

This paper develops a global model of climate policy, focusing on the choice between tax and cap-and-trade solutions. We assume that the world can be split into two regions, with two fuels that both lead to carbon emissions. Region A consumes all fuels, and is responsible for defining and implementing climate policy. Region B produces all of fuel 1 (oil), while fuel 2 (interpreted as either coa...

Articular cartilage connects diarthrodial joints, lubricates surface between bones, transfers and withstands repetitive load over the lifetime, which is prone to degeneration by various diseases, trauma and injuries. Once degeneration takes place, the avascular structure of human cartilage makes the self-healing extremely challenging. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to fabricate ...

abstract: using agricultural waste is one of the best ways to reduce the costs and the environmental pollution. button mushroom´s stipe is a cheap by-product that is rich in nutrients for human nutrition. the purpose of this study is to compare the nutritional value of cap and stipe of button mushroom (agaricus bisporus). the caps were separated from the stipes after harvesting and parameters s...

Direct Numerical Simulations are performed to investigate the gas-liquid mass transfer around a rising spherical bubble contaminated by insoluble surfactants. The surfactant transport on surface and Marangoni effect taken into account when solving hydrodynamics, resulting in stagnant-cap condition. A parametric study is carried out varying Reynolds, Schmidt numbers. thorough analysis of impact ...