Cortical pyramidal cells store multiple features of complex synaptic input in individual dendritic branches and independently regulate the coupling between dendritic and somatic spikes. Branch points in apical trees exhibit wide ranges of sizes and shapes, and the large diameter ratio between trunk and oblique dendrites exacerbates impedance mismatch. The morphological diversity of dendritic bi...

The organization of the renal medulla of the Gambel's quail, Callipepla gambelii, kidney was examined to determine the number of loops of Henle and collecting ducts and the surface area occupied by the different nephron segments as a function of distance down the medullary cones. Eleven medullary cones were dissected from the kidneys of four birds, and the tissue was processed and sectioned for...

types than just strings. Inflected forms need not be merged with roots yet, and can retain the internal structure: . . . ? paraVerbC Feminine Plural "u" FCuL −→ "u" >>| FCuL |<< "na" . . . ? merge "k t b" (Prefix "u" >| FCuL |< Suffix "na") −→ "uktubna" uktubna á . J » @ fem.pl. ‘write!’ The highlight of the Arabic morphology is that the ‘irregular’ inflection actually rests in strictly observi...

SYNOPSIS. The systemic heart of fishes consists of four chambers in series, the sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, and conus or bulbus. Valves between the chambers and contraction of all chambers except the bulbus maintain a unidirectional blood flow through the heart. The heart is composed of typical vertebrate cardiac muscle, although there may be minor differences in the distribution of spont...

Geometric morphometrics (GM) has increasingly become an important tool in assessing and studying shape variation in a wide variety of taxa. While the GM toolkit has unparalleled power to quantify shape, its use in studies of functional morphology have been questioned. Here, we assess the state of the field of GM and provide an overview of the techniques available to assess shape, including aspe...

How does genetic innovation translate into ecological innovation? Although evo-devo has successfully linked genes to morphology, the next stage is elucidating how genes predict resource use. This can be attained by broadening the focus of evo-devo from [genes→morphology], to [genes→morphology→functional ecology]. We suggest that the fields of evo-devo, functional morphology, and evolutionary ec...

Modelling the morphological processes of dilation and erosion with convex structuring elements with partial differential equations (PDEs) allows for digital scalability and subpixel accuracy. However, numerical schemes suffer from blur by dissipative artifacts. In our paper we present a family of so-called flux-corrected transport (FCT) schemes that addresses this problem for arbitrary convex s...

introduction: semen parameters and specially sperm morphology is used for the assessment of semen sample and for the prediction of the fertilization. however there is semen samples with normal sperm morphology but with hidden sperm chromatin anomalies. since sperm morphology and chromatin anomalies reduce the fertilization rat independently, the purpose of this study is to consider the relation...