ABSTRACT Apple replant disease typically is managed through pre-plant application of broad-spectrum soil fumigants including methyl bromide. The impending loss or restricted use of soil fumigants and the needs of an expanding organic tree fruit industry necessitate the development of alternative control measures. The microbial community resident in a wheat field soil was shown to suppress compo...

The chlorinated fumigants chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane) and 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) are extensively used in agricultural production for the control of soilborne pests. The reaction of these two fumigants with hydrogen sulfide species (H2S and HS-) was examined in well-defined anoxic aqueous solutions. Chloropicrin underwent an extremely rapid redox reaction in the hydrogen sulfide so...

Soil fumigation is commonly used to control soil-borne pathogens and weeds. Our aim was to examine the effects of soil fumigation with chloropicrin (CP) and methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) on CH4, N2O and CO2 production and emission. These effects on a SE USA forest nursery soil were examined in field and laboratory experiments. Following field fumigation, CH4 surface emissions and concentrations ...

BACKGROUND Pesticide exposure may be positively associated with depression. Few previous studies have considered the episodic nature of depression or examined individual pesticides. OBJECTIVE We evaluated associations between pesticide exposure and depression among male private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study. METHODS We analyzed data for 10 pesticide classes and 50 s...

BACKGROUND The efficacy of essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides flowering aerial parts and its three main active ingredients was evaluated against Blattella germanica male adults. METHODS Composition of essential oil was determined by GC-MS. Topical application bioassay was used to evaluate contact toxicity of essential oil and three main components. Fumigant toxicity of essential oil an...

Plant parasites and soilborne pathogens directly reduce the overall yield of crops, vegetables, fruits, negatively impacting market demand for these products their net profitability. While preplant soil fumigation helps maintain consistent production quality high-value cash most fumigants are toxic to off-target species, including humans. Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) has recently been introduced a...

currently, chemical pesticides and radioactive rays are widely used for control of stored product pests. fumigation plays a major role in insect pest elimination in stored products. phosphine and methyl bromide are the two common fumigants used for stored-product protection world over. insect resistance to phosphine is a global issue now and control failures have been reported in field situatio...