Three aspects of texture are considered by the fractal geometry: Fractal Dimension (FD), Lacunarity and Succolarity. Fractal Dimension has been well studied; a great number of approaches have been presented to extract it from images. It can be computed from black-white to multi-band image. There are many approaches also, from the simple Box-Dimension to the most complex Hausdorff Dimension. The...

In this paper we present some new properties of the metric dimension defined by Bouligand in 1928 and prove the following new projection theorem: Let dimb(A − A) denote the Bouligand dimension of the set A − A of differences between elements of A. Given any compact set A ⊆ R such that dimb(A−A) < m, then almost every orthogonal projection P of A of rank m is injective on A and P |A has Lipschit...

OBJECTIVE To assess impacts of the nationwide Norwegian School Fruit Scheme (NSFS) using nationally representative data. DESIGN The NSFS is organized such that primary-school children (grades 1-7) are randomly assigned to one of three school fruit arrangements: (i) the child receives one free fruit or vegetable per day; (ii) the child is given the option to subscribe to one fruit or vegetable...

Fruit shape is an important external characteristic that consumers use to select preferred fruit cultivars. In peach, the flat fruit cultivars have become more and more popular worldwide. Genetic markers closely linking to the flat fruit trait have been identified and are useful for marker-assisted breeding. However, the cellular and genetic mechanisms underpinning flat fruit formation are stil...

The paper deals with an algorithm for Hausdorff dimension estimation based on box-counting dimension calculation. The main goal of the paper is to propose a new approach to box-counting dimension calculation with less computational demands. Streszczenie. W artykule opisano algorytm estymacji wymiaru Hausdorffa oparty o wyznaczanie wymiaru pudełkowego. Głównym celem pracy jest zaproponowanie now...

Rates of fruit drop and remaining fruited pan icles were monitored in the field for 96 days beginning on April 1, 1983. More than 90% of total fruit drop occurred within the first 4 wk, and final fruit set was 0.61%. Per centage of fruited panicles remained constant for the first 3 wk, decreasing sharply to 40% by the 6th week, and ending at 11.7% at harvest. Of the fruit which reached maturity...

Ethylene has long been known to be a critical signal controlling the ripening of climacteric fruits; however, the signaling mechanism underlying ethylene production during fruit development is unknown. Here, we report that two FERONIA-like receptor kinases (FERLs) regulate fruit ripening by modulating ethylene production in the climacteric fruit, apple (Malus×domestica). Bioinformatic analysis ...

abstract the assessment of ripeness is a major part of quality evaluation and depends on several factors such as soluble solid content (ssc), acidity and firmness. most of the methods that measure these qualities are destructive. so it is essential to develop an efficient and nondestructive method for measuring internal attributes of fruit. the objective of this study was to investigate visible...

Pear fruit usually soften and develop a melting texture when harvested at the mature green stage and ripened. The reason why the fruit does not fully ripen on the tree is unknown. To clarify this, our attention was directed to the continuous supply of assimilates and/or other substances into the fruit via phloem transport. To determine the effect of inhibiting phloem transport on fruit ripening...