in this study reference as one of the five cohesive devices in the achievement of textuality in english and persian narrative/descripitive written texts is focused on and analysed . to do so , the theoretical framework elaborated by halliday and hasan (1976) and its version adapted by the writer to match the sub-types of reference in farsi are applied to the analysis of reference in english and...

abstract the present study tried to investigate the effect of visual aids (films) on the development of the speech act of disagreement among iranian efl intermediate learners. to this end, the researcher selected 40 homogeneous intermediate learners based on their scores on oxford placement test. .the subjects then divided into control group and experimental group. both classes were tested by ...

abstract this study aimed at analyzing a corpus of emails gathered from iranian students studying in england. the corpus contained 996 emails that were investigated by employing the framework of chen (2006) to find common patterns in the discourse of these emails. another aim of the study was to find how two request acts (want statements and query preparatory) were used in the emails. the...

the application of e-learning systems - as one of the solutions to the issue of anywhere and anytime learning – is increasingly spreading in the area of education. content management - one of the most important parts of any e-learning system- is in the concern of tutors and teachers through which they can obtain means and paths to achieve the goals of the course and learning objectives. e-learn...

the quest for power has formed much of the world history especially in 20th and 21st centuries. oil (energy) particularly after industrial revolution has been a tool for conquest and power and has been transformed to a geopolitical issue. from a geopolitical point of view this has been the case for the last two centuries in central asia and caucasus. central asia and caucasus has always been...

this research has been taken among the students of high school in karaj city during the years 1391 and 1392. this is a survey research and data gathering is through questionnaires. studying the “an analysis of students’ tendency toward non-native reference groups in karaj”. the questionnaire was distributed among 260 of these students who were chosen through multi step cluster sampling. conside...

126 abstract: in this research we studied the effects of cyclic hydration and dehydration of cysts of artemia urmiana and artemia parthenogenetica on the hatching percentage, survival and growth. the experiment was carried out in 3 treatments (1-3 hydration/dehydration cycles) with 3 replicates for each treatment. later effects of cold preservation at -20°c during three time periods were ...

the aim of this study has been to find answers for the following questions: 1. what is the effect of immediate correction on students pronunciation errors? 2. what would be the effect of teaching the more rgular patterns of english pronunciation? 3. is there any significant difference between the two methods of dealing with pronuciation errore, i. e., correction and the teaching of the regular ...

بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‏های بومی پیاز ایرانی در مقایسه با انواع خارجی چکیده: برنامه های اصلاحی گیاهان بر اساس تنوع و انتخاب صفات برتر کمی و کیفی صورت می گیرد. لذا، ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی، اولین مرحله در برنامه های اصلاحی است. در این راستا، استفاده از روش های جدید مطالعه‏ی تنوع ژنتیکی ضروری به نظر می رسد. در این بررسی تعیین تنوع ژنتیکی سیزده ژنوتیپ پیاز ایرانی در مقایسه با دو ژنوتیپ خارجی با است...

seismic retrofit strategies have been developed in the past few decades following the introduction of new seismic provisions and the availability of advanced materials and methods. it can be observed that new approaches to deal with more lateral forces are more innovative and more energy absorbent. in line with this, there is a growing trend toward the use of steel shear walls as a system with ...