In the August issue of TiPS, Epand and Lester analysed the effect of the physicochemical properties of the membrane on protein kinase C activity. In addition to those substrates discussed that require the presence of Ca2+ and phospholipids, other substrates can be phosphorylated in the absence of these activators. It is possible that this differential substrate requirement could be exploited ph...

The binary hypercube Qn has small diameter, but a relatively large number of links. Because of this, efforts have been made to determine the maximum number of links that can be deleted without increasing the diameter. However, the resulting networks are not vertex-symmetric. We propose a family of vertex-symmetric spanning subnetworks of Qn, whose diameter differs from that of Qn by only a smal...

(1) ‖p(T )‖ ≤M sup{|p(ζ)| : |ζ| = 1} ∀ polynomial p, and to be power bounded (notation T ∈ (PW)) if (1) holds for every polynomial of the special form p(ζ) = ζ where n is a positive integer. If T ∈ (PB) [resp., T ∈ (PW)], then there is a smallest number M which satisfies (1) [resp., (1) restricted]. This number will be called the polynomial bound of T [resp., the power bound of T ] and denoted ...

We consider simple cube-curves in the orthogonal 3D grid of cells. The union of all cells contained in such a curve (also called the tube of this curve) is a polyhedrally bounded set. The curve’s length is defined to be that of the minimum-length polygonal curve (MLP) fully contained and complete in the tube of the curve. So far only one general algorithm called rubber-band algorithm was known ...

To date, very little information exists on recovery methods for freeze-injured cells and the effect of blastor conventional-chilling for reducing specific pathogens associated with pork surfaces. To address these issues, two separate studies were conducted to determine 1) an effective recovery method for freeze-injured Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium and Campylobacter coli associ...

The Ca’+-ATPase was isolated from sarcoplasmic reticulum and reconstituted into liposomes by the freezethaw-sonication procedure of Kasahara and Hinkle (Kasahara, M., and Hinkle, P. C. (1977) J. Biol. Chem 252, 7384-7390) with egg yolk phosphatidylcholine as the only phospholipid. By varying the ion concentrations during reconstitution and assay, different K+ gradients across the membrane were ...

In this paper, we investigate sufficient conditions on the neighborhood of independent vertices which imply that a graph contains k independent cycles or chorded cycles. This is related to several results of Corrádi and Hajnal, Justesen, Wang, and Faudree and Gould on graphs containing k independent cycles, and Finkel on graphs containing k chorded cycles. In particular, we establish that if in...

Let N = {1, 2, 3, · · · } denote the natural numbers. Given integers e ≥ 1 and b ≥ 2, let x = ∑n i=0 aib i with 0 ≤ ai ≤ b − 1 (thus ai are the digits of x in base b). We define the happy function Se,b : N −→ N by