background and objectives: bordetella species colonize the respiratory tract of mammals and thereby cause the whooping cough. most of the species produce adenylate cyclase - a toxin ( hemolysin ) responsible for increasing intracellular cyclic amp (camp) levels in mammalian neutrophils and macrophages and as a consequence their phagocytic function get impaired . this study was carried out to is...

Let D be a division ring with centre K and dim, D< ? a valuation on K and v a noninvariant extension of ? to D. We define the initial ramfication index of v over ?, ?(v/ ?) .Let A be a valuation ring of o with maximal ideal m, and v , v ,…, v noninvariant extensions of w to D with valuation rings A , A ,…, A . If B= A , it is shown that the following conditions are equivalent: (i) B i...