A green and efficient one pot, three component protocol for synthesis of naphthopyranopyrimidines by cyclocondensation of β-naphthol, aldehyde, and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil using L-proline as a beneficial catalyst with high catalytic activity under solvent-free conditions at 100 °C is described. In this study, several types of aromatic aldehyde, containing electron-withdrawing groups as well ...

aacel9a [β-1,4-endoglucanase, (e.c:3.2.1.4)], was immobilized onto glutaraldehyde activated chitosan macrosphere by covalent attachment. the properties of the immobilized aacel9a were investigated by determining the optimum ph and optimum temperature for activity, thermal stability, and kinetic parameters. the immobilization process shifted the enzyme’s optimum temperature from 65 °c for the fr...

Many biomolecules undergo conformational changes associated with allostery or ligand binding. Observing these changes in computer simulations is difficult if their timescales are long. These calculations can be accelerated by observing the transition on an auxiliary free energy surface with a simpler Hamiltonian and connecting this free energy surface to the target free energy surface with free...

Background: Current prenatal diagnosis requires invasive testing which carries a 1-4% procedure-related-risk of miscarriage; hence, non-invasive techniques are desired. The recent demonstration of cell-free-fetal-DNA enriched from maternal plasma has opened new possibilities for non-invasive-prenatal-diagnosis of not only genetic-disorders such as β-thalassaemia and haemophilia but also chromos...

A mild and efficient method has been developed for the preparation of substituted coumarins from reaction of various phenols with different β-ketoesters via Pechmann condensation in the presence of Brønsted acidic ionic liquid (N-(4-sulfonic acid) butyl triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate) as an effective catalyst under solvent-free conditions. Different phenols reacted with ethyl acetoacetate to...

decatungstodivanadogermanic acid (h6gew10v2o40.22h2o) was used as a green heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1h)-ones from one-pot three-component cyclocondensation reaction of a β-ketoester, an aldehyde and urea/thiourea under solvent-free conditions is reported. this method provides an efficient and much improved modification of the original biginelli reaction...

introduction: the thalassamias refer to a diverse group of hemoglobin disorders characterized by a reduced synthesis of  one or more of globin chains (α,β, γ, δβ,γδβ, δ and εγδβ).the main cure available today for thalassamia is bone marrow transplantation (bmt)  from compatible donor.on december 3, 1981 a 14-month-old child with β-thalassemia major recieved bmt from his hla-identical sister in ...

The regulation of pancreatic β cell mass is a critical factor to help maintain normoglycemia during insulin resistance. Nutrient-sensing G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) contribute to aspects of β cell function, including regulation of β cell mass. Nutrients such as free fatty acids (FFAs) contribute to precise regulation of β cell mass by signaling through cognate GPCRs, and considerable evi...